Lesson 5.6
5.6 Climate change and water inputs and outputs Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Geography, Unit 7
20 questions
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Lesson 5.6, Climate change and water inputs and outputs: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Geography (9GE0), Unit 7: Topic 5: The Water Cycle and Water Insecurity, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
What term describes the release of water vapour from plant leaves into the atmosphere?
- Interception
- Percolation
- Transpiration
- Evaporation
-
Which two hydrological processes are primarily affected by global climate change as trends?
- Precipitation and evaporation
- Infiltration and percolation
- Condensation and transpiration
- Runoff and discharge
-
What does the abbreviation ENSO stand for in climate science?
- Equatorial South Oscillation
- El Niño-Southern Oscillation
- Eastern Pacific Oscillation
- Environmental Surface Oscillation
-
What do global warming and ENSO cycles combined increase regarding water supplies?
- System uncertainty
- Water purity
- Storage capacity
- Total volume
-
How does shrinking glacier mass affect long-term river discharge during dry seasons?
- Reduced flow
- Increased flow
- Unchanged flow
- Constant flow
-
Which hydrological store shrinks most directly due to rising global temperatures?
- The atmosphere
- The hydrosphere
- The cryosphere
- The lithosphere
-
Which soil factor directly determines changes in surface runoff and stream flow rates?
- Moisture levels
- Temperature range
- Nutrient content
- Acidity levels
-
What causes a glacier-fed river's peak discharge to shift to earlier in the year?
- Decreased overall evaporation
- Increased winter freezing
- Higher summer rainfall
- Earlier seasonal melt
-
What is the primary effect on soil when evaporation increases without extra precipitation?
- Expanded ice
- Reduced moisture
- Higher groundwater
- Increased saturation
-
Which drought type occurs when extended low rainfall reduces river and reservoir levels?
- Agricultural drought
- Hydrological drought
- Socio-economic drought
- Meteorological drought
-
Which combined factors drive high uncertainty in future global water availability?
- Deforestation and farming
- Urbanisation and damming
- Infiltration and runoff
- ENSO and warming
-
Which drainage basin store changes significantly when permafrost thaws in cold environments?
- Atmospheric water
- Soil moisture
- Ocean salinity
- Glacial snowpack
-
Annual precipitation in a basin falls from 800 mm to 680 mm over 40 years. What is the percentage fall?
- 15%
- 12%
- 85%
- 18%
-
Which combination of climatic trends causes the greatest water insecurity in semi-arid regions?
- Drying and warming
- Flooding and damming
- Cooling and wetting
- Greening and freezing
-
What primary function do reservoirs serve when climate change alters seasonal river flows?
- Buffering water supply
- Preventing surface evaporation
- Increasing annual rainfall
- Generating extra groundwater
-
How is global warming projected to affect the frequency of extreme flood and drought events?
- Have no effect
- Increase frequency
- Eliminate extremes
- Decrease frequency
-
A basin has 900 mm/yr precipitation and 600 mm/yr evapotranspiration. A scenario cuts precipitation by 10% and raises evapotranspiration by 50 mm. What is the new surplus (inputs minus outputs)?
- 250 mm
- 210 mm
- 160 mm
- 300 mm
-
Which positive feedback mechanism accelerates the melting of glaciers as temperatures rise?
- Water-vapour feedback
- Carbon-cycle feedback
- Ice-albedo feedback
- Cloud-albedo feedback
-
Which short-term climate cycle increases uncertainty in projections of global hydrological systems?
- North Atlantic oscillations
- Milankovitch cycles
- ENSO cycles
- Solar cycles
-
Which hydrological store determines the volume of rainfall that becomes surface runoff during high-intensity storms?
- Groundwater store
- Soil moisture
- Permafrost store
- Atmospheric store
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