Lesson 1.3.2
1.3.2 Evaluating studies of health risk factors Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology, Unit 1
20 questions
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Lesson 1.3.2, Evaluating studies of health risk factors: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Biology (9BI0), Unit 1: Lifestyle, Health and Risk, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
How are participants primarily categorized at the start of a cohort study?
- Age and gender
- Treatment received
- Presence of disease
- Exposure to risk
-
Which study design provides the strongest evidence for a causal relationship?
- Case-control study
- Randomised controlled trial
- Cohort study
- Cross-sectional study
-
What is the main advantage of using random sampling in a health study?
- Eliminates all error
- Guarantees validity
- Increases sample size
- Reduces selection bias
-
What main benefit does a larger sample size provide in a study?
- Removes selection bias
- Ensures complete validity
- Prevents confounding factors
- Reduces chance variation
-
What term describes a study that accurately measures what it intends to measure?
- Accuracy
- Precision
- Reliability
- Validity
-
What is the primary purpose of a control group in an experiment?
- Prevents observer bias
- Provides a baseline
- Eliminates chance
- Increases sample size
-
Why are participants in clinical trials given a placebo without their knowledge?
- Prevents attrition bias
- Reduces expectation bias
- Eliminates sampling error
- Increases test precision
-
What occurs when study groups differ systematically due to recruitment methods?
- Selection bias
- Recall bias
- Attrition bias
- Observer bias
-
What is the main limitation of a study with a sample size of 50?
- Guaranteed confounding
- Results from chance
- Lack of validity
- High selection bias
-
What bias occurs when participants with a disease remember past exposures inaccurately?
- Measurement bias
- Selection bias
- Recall bias
- Attrition bias
-
What type of bias occurs when participants drop out of a longitudinal study?
- Publication bias
- Attrition bias
- Recall bias
- Selection bias
-
How can researchers control for a known confounding variable in study design?
- Matching participants
- Double-blind testing
- Using placebos
- Increasing sample size
-
Which study design best determines if drinking coffee directly lowers disease risk?
- Correlational study
- Cohort study
- Randomised controlled trial
- Case-control study
-
What does it mean if a study result is statistically significant?
- Unlikely by chance
- Clinically important
- Proves causation
- Large effect size
-
Why is replication of a study by independent researchers important?
- Eliminates confounders
- Removes selection bias
- Increases sample size
- Confirms reliability
-
What is the main limitation of a CVD study using a sample of only 20 people?
- Small sample size
- Unreliable equipment
- Selection bias
- Confounding variables
-
Who is unaware of treatment allocations in a double-blind clinical trial?
- Doctors only
- Patients only
- Patients and doctors
- Neither party
-
What type of variable can distort the apparent cause-and-effect relationship in observational studies?
- Controlled variable
- Dependent variable
- Independent variable
- Confounding variable
-
In a disease risk study, what role does unreported participant age act as?
- Measurement error
- Placebo effect
- Selection bias
- Confounding variable
-
Which type of bias occurs when a study uses a self-selected volunteer sample?
- Selection bias
- Measurement bias
- Observer bias
- Publication bias
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