1.1.1 Why animals need a circulation and the role of water Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology, Unit 1

The 20 questions

1. Why do large animals require a circulatory system rather than relying solely on diffusion?

   • Small body volume
   • Long diffusion distance
   • High surface area
   • Low metabolic rate

2. Which term describes the bulk movement of substances over large distances in a transport system?

   • Facilitated diffusion
   • Osmosis
   • Simple diffusion
   • Mass transport

3. Which property of water makes it an effective solvent for ionic and polar solutes?

   • Dipole nature
   • Low density
   • High compressibility
   • High viscosity

4. Why is a water molecule described as a dipole?

   • Net negative charge
   • Equal electron sharing
   • Net positive charge
   • Unequal charge distribution

5. Hydrogen bonds in water form between which two atoms of adjacent molecules?

   • Oxygen and oxygen
   • Hydrogen and oxygen
   • Hydrogen and hydrogen
   • Carbon and hydrogen

6. As an organism's body size increases, what happens to its surface area to volume ratio?

   • It doubles
   • It increases
   • It decreases
   • It stays constant

7. Which component of blood plasma acts as the primary solvent for transporting polar solutes?

   • Water
   • Fibrinogen
   • Albumins
   • Haemoglobin

8. If the radius of a spherical organism doubles, how does its surface area to volume ratio change?

   • It quadruples
   • It stays constant
   • It doubles
   • It halves

9. A cube has sides of 4 cm. What is its surface area to volume ratio?

   • 1.5 per cm
   • 3 per cm
   • 0.67 per cm
   • 6 per cm

10. If the diffusion distance across a tissue doubles, by what factor does diffusion time increase?

    • Sixteen times
    • Four times
    • Eight times
    • Two times

11. What is the relative formula mass of water, H2O? (Ar: H = 1, O = 16)

    • 10
    • 16
    • 18
    • 20

12. How does the surface area to volume ratio of a 3 cm cube compare to a 1 cm cube?

    • One ninth
    • Nine times
    • Three times
    • One third

13. Why is the dipolar nature of water essential for mammalian blood transport?

    • Binds gaseous oxygen
    • Dissolves polar solutes
    • Increases blood pressure
    • Prevents blood clotting

14. Why can an amoeba rely on simple diffusion for gas exchange, unlike a blue whale?

    • High metabolic demand
    • Small SA:V ratio
    • Large SA:V ratio
    • Thick cell wall

15. Why does a 1 g shrew lose body heat per gram much faster than a 70 kg human?

    • Lower metabolic rate
    • Larger SA:V ratio
    • Smaller SA:V ratio
    • Thicker epidermis

16. When a cube's side length triples, what happens to its surface-area-to-volume ratio?

    • Stays the same
    • Falls to one third
    • Falls to one ninth
    • Triples

17. How is the majority of oxygen transported in mammalian blood?

    • Bound to albumin
    • Bound to haemoglobin
    • As hydrogen carbonate
    • Dissolved in plasma

18. What type of bond between water molecules gives water a high boiling point?

    • Disulphide bonds
    • Covalent bonds
    • Hydrogen bonds
    • Ionic bonds

19. According to Fick's Law, which change increases the rate of diffusion across a membrane?

    • Decreasing concentration gradient
    • Decreasing temperature
    • Increasing surface area
    • Increasing membrane thickness

20. Why does a thin exchange surface increase the rate of diffusion?

    • Steepens concentration gradient
    • Reduces diffusion distance
    • Increases surface area
    • Increases blood pressure

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