Lesson 1.3.9

1.3.9 Representativeness, generalisability and reliability Quiz: OCR Psychology, Unit 1

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson 1.3.9, Representativeness, generalisability and reliability: 20 multiple choice questions for the OCR Psychology (H567), Unit 1: Research methods (Component 01), written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which term describes how well a sample reflects the characteristics of the target population?

    • Representativeness
    • Generalisability
    • Ecological validity
    • Internal reliability

  2. What is the extent to which research findings can be applied to other settings or people?

    • Standardisation
    • Generalisability
    • Reliability
    • Internal validity

  3. Which type of reliability measures the consistency of results over time or across different occasions?

    • Construct validity
    • Internal reliability
    • External reliability
    • Population validity

  4. Which method checks internal reliability by comparing results from two halves of a test?

    • Split-half method
    • Test-retest method
    • Concurrent method
    • Inter-rater method

  5. What statistical correlation coefficient value is generally required to confirm high test-retest reliability?

    • +0.50 or above
    • +0.05 or below
    • -0.80 or below
    • +0.80 or above

  6. Which sampling method usually produces the most representative sample of a target population?

    • Opportunity sampling
    • Volunteer sampling
    • Stratified sampling
    • Random sampling

  7. Which process ensures all participants experience identical procedures to improve reliability?

    • Randomisation
    • Operationalisation
    • Counterbalancing
    • Standardisation

  8. What is the term for consistency between two independent observers watching the same behaviour?

    • Split-half reliability
    • Inter-rater reliability
    • Test-retest reliability
    • Face validity

  9. A researcher gives participants the same memory test twice, two weeks apart. What are they testing?

    • Inter-rater reliability
    • Split-half reliability
    • Test-retest reliability
    • Concurrent validity

  10. Two psychologists record aggressive acts in a playground simultaneously and compare tally sheets. What is evaluated?

    • Temporal validity
    • Internal reliability
    • Inter-rater reliability
    • External validity

  11. A study on stress uses 200 male university students as participants. What is the main sampling weakness?

    • Low generalisability
    • Unstandardised procedure
    • High observer bias
    • Low internal reliability

  12. A researcher splits a 50-item personality quiz into odd and even items to compare scores. What is checked?

    • External reliability
    • Internal reliability
    • Ecological validity
    • Predictive validity

  13. Dr Smith recruits participants standing outside a gym on Monday morning. What sample issue arises?

    • Unstandardised instructions
    • Low test-retest reliability
    • High demand characteristics
    • Unrepresentative sample

  14. How can a researcher best increase the generalisability of a study with a small local sample?

    • Increase sample size
    • Conduct split-half test
    • Standardise instructions
    • Use single-blind design

  15. Two observers correlate their categorical observation scores using a statistical test. Which test assesses inter-rater reliability?

    • Wilcoxon test
    • Unrelated t-test
    • Chi-square test
    • Spearman's rank

  16. Participants take a test in noisy conditions on Monday and quiet conditions on Friday. What suffers?

    • Sample representativeness
    • External reliability
    • Inter-rater agreement
    • Population validity

  17. Why does a very short time interval in a test-retest procedure risk invalidating reliability results?

    • Low statistical power
    • Observer drift
    • Practice effects
    • Sampling bias

  18. A measure is proven to be highly reliable, but the sample was biased. What is true?

    • Findings lack generalisability
    • Data is unstandardised
    • Findings lack reliability
    • Low internal consistency

  19. If items on a depression questionnaire produce inconsistent scores across halves, what is lacking?

    • Inter-observer agreement
    • Temporal stability
    • Internal consistency
    • Population representativeness

  20. Why might raising inter-rater reliability training too much lead to reduced ecological validity in observations?

    • Unrepresentative sampling
    • Participant reactivity
    • Small sample size
    • Overly rigid categories

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