Lesson 1.1.2
1.1.2 Observation: structured, unstructured, naturalistic and controlled Quiz: OCR Psychology, Unit 1
20 questions
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Lesson 1.1.2, Observation: structured, unstructured, naturalistic and controlled: 20 multiple choice questions for the OCR Psychology (H567), Unit 1: Research methods (Component 01), written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
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Which type of observation takes place in an environment manipulated by the researcher?
- Controlled observation
- Naturalistic observation
- Covert observation
- Overt observation
-
Which observation technique records behaviour in its normal setting without any researcher interference?
- Naturalistic observation
- Structured observation
- Lab experiment
- Controlled observation
-
What term describes breaking target behaviours down into distinct, observable components for measurement?
- Behavioural categories
- Time sampling
- Event sampling
- Qualitative coding
-
Which sampling method involves recording behaviour at pre-determined, fixed time intervals?
- Event sampling
- Time sampling
- Random sampling
- Opportunity sampling
-
Which sampling technique counts every single instance of a specified target behaviour throughout?
- Time sampling
- Event sampling
- Stratified sampling
- Systematic sampling
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What type of data is primarily produced from an unstructured observational study?
- Numerical data
- Quantitative data
- Qualitative data
- Inferential data
-
What term measures the level of agreement between two independent observers watching the same event?
- Internal validity
- Inter-observer reliability
- Test-retest reliability
- Predictive validity
-
Which bias occurs when an observer's expectations unconsciously influence their recording of behaviour?
- Social desirability
- Observer bias
- Demand characteristics
- Participant reactivity
-
A researcher tallies every time a child hits a doll during a thirty-minute session. Which sampling is used?
- Event sampling
- Time sampling
- Line sampling
- Point sampling
-
An observer records student behaviour every two minutes across an hour lesson. Which sampling technique is this?
- Continuous sampling
- Target sampling
- Event sampling
- Time sampling
-
A psychologist uses hidden cameras to record shoppers in a local supermarket without their knowledge. What type is this?
- Covert naturalistic
- Covert controlled
- Overt naturalistic
- Overt controlled
-
A researcher joins a youth group as an active member to observe them from within. What observation type is this?
- Structured observation
- Non-participant observation
- Controlled observation
- Participant observation
-
A researcher writes a rich continuous narrative account of a patient's daily interactions. What design is this?
- Controlled observation
- Structured observation
- Quantitative observation
- Unstructured observation
-
Two observers achieve a correlation score of plus zero point eight five. What does this demonstrate?
- High reliability
- Low validity
- High validity
- Low reliability
-
Ticking predetermined boxes on a tally sheet whenever a specific action occurs represents which observational design?
- Covert observation
- Structured observation
- Naturalistic observation
- Unstructured observation
-
Which observational design carries the greatest risk of observer overload due to recording unlimited behaviours?
- Time sampling
- Controlled observation
- Unstructured observation
- Structured observation
-
What primary ethical issue is associated specifically with covert observational research conducted in public?
- Deception only
- Lack of consent
- Protection from harm
- Breach of confidentiality
-
What process ensures that behavioural categories in a structured observation are clearly defined and measurable?
- Counterbalancing
- Operationalisation
- Standardisation
- Randomisation
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Why might a naturalistic observation have lower internal validity than a controlled observation?
- Demand characteristics
- Lack of reliability
- Uncontrolled variables
- Small sample size
-
What term describes an observation where the researcher remains separate from the group being studied?
- Non-participant observation
- Controlled observation
- Covert observation
- Participant observation
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