Lesson 1.1.3

1.1.3 Observation: participant and non-participant, overt and covert Quiz: OCR Psychology, Unit 1

20 questions

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Lesson 1.1.3, Observation: participant and non-participant, overt and covert: 20 multiple choice questions for the OCR Psychology (H567), Unit 1: Research methods (Component 01), written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. What type of observation occurs when the researcher joins the group being studied?

    • Structured
    • Non-participant
    • Participant
    • Controlled

  2. Which term describes an observation where participants do not know they are being watched?

    • Overt
    • Structured
    • Covert
    • Controlled

  3. What major ethical issue is directly associated with conducting a covert observation?

    • Confidentiality loss
    • Failure to debrief
    • Lack of consent
    • Protection from harm

  4. Which observational risk occurs when a participant researcher loses objectivity by over-identifying with the group?

    • Hawthorne effect
    • Social desirability
    • Observer drift
    • Going native

  5. Which type of observation minimises demand characteristics because participants are unaware of being observed?

    • Participant
    • Controlled
    • Covert
    • Overt

  6. What is an observation called where participants are aware they are being observed?

    • Unstructured
    • Overt
    • Covert
    • Naturalistic

  7. A researcher watches nursery children through a one-way mirror without joining in. Which observational type is this?

    • Covert participant
    • Participant
    • Non-participant
    • Controlled overt

  8. An undercover researcher joins a cult to observe members without their knowledge. What type of observation is this?

    • Covert non-participant
    • Overt participant
    • Overt non-participant
    • Covert participant

  9. A psychologist sits in a classroom with full student knowledge to observe teaching styles. Which combination is used?

    • Covert non-participant
    • Overt participant
    • Overt non-participant
    • Covert participant

  10. Which issue occurs when participants alter their natural behaviour because they know they are being observed?

    • Observer drift
    • Hawthorne effect
    • Going native
    • Observer bias

  11. How can researchers check the reliability of data collected during an observational study?

    • Test-retest reliability
    • Split-half reliability
    • Internal validity
    • Inter-observer reliability

  12. Which statistical correlation outcome indicates high inter-observer reliability when comparing two observers' tallies?

    • High positive correlation
    • Zero correlation
    • High negative correlation
    • Strong negative correlation

  13. Why might non-participant observations yield more valid data than participant observations?

    • Fewer ethical issues
    • Higher empathy
    • Greater objectivity
    • Better rapport

  14. A researcher acts as a barista to secretly observe customer behaviour. What role is the researcher taking?

    • Covert non-participant
    • Overt participant
    • Covert participant
    • Overt non-participant

  15. What is the main advantage of an overt observation over a covert observation?

    • Ethically acceptable
    • High ecological validity
    • No observer bias
    • No demand characteristics

  16. Which problem arises when an observer's expectations unconsciously influence how they interpret participant behaviour?

    • Hawthorne effect
    • Demand characteristics
    • Observer bias
    • Social desirability

  17. A researcher gets permission from workers to watch assembly lines from an overhead gallery. What type is this?

    • Overt participant
    • Overt non-participant
    • Covert participant
    • Covert non-participant

  18. What term describes two observers gradually changing their interpretation of coding categories over long studies?

    • Hawthorne effect
    • Observer bias
    • Observer drift
    • Going native

  19. Which observational design gives the researcher the greatest depth of first-hand insight into group dynamics?

    • Non-participant
    • Participant
    • Covert non-participant
    • Controlled

  20. A psychologist pretends to be a patient in a psychiatric ward without staff knowing. Which observation type is this?

    • Covert non-participant
    • Overt non-participant
    • Overt participant
    • Covert participant

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