Lesson 1.2.5
1.2.5 Designing observations Quiz: OCR Psychology, Unit 1
20 questions
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Lesson 1.2.5, Designing observations: 20 multiple choice questions for the OCR Psychology (H567), Unit 1: Research methods (Component 01), written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
Which term describes breaking target observational behaviours down into specific, measurable target acts?
- Coding frames
- Time sampling
- Behavioural categories
- Event sampling
-
What system uses symbols or numbers to record observed behavioural categories quickly?
- Likert scale
- Rating scale
- Coding frame
- Tally chart
-
A researcher records behaviour every thirty seconds during a two-hour observation. What sampling method is this?
- Event sampling
- Time sampling
- Opportunity sampling
- Random sampling
-
An observer tallies every instance a child punches a toy during a play session. Which sampling technique is used?
- Event sampling
- Time sampling
- Stratified sampling
- Systematic sampling
-
What main advantage does time sampling offer when conducting an observational study?
- Reduces observer fatigue
- Eliminates demand characteristics
- Captures rare events
- Increases participant reactivity
-
What is a major disadvantage of using event sampling in observational research?
- Requires high technology
- Misses complex behaviours
- Causes severe attrition
- Unsuitable for tallies
-
Observational research where researchers observe participants without them knowing is called what?
- Participant observation
- Overt observation
- Controlled observation
- Covert observation
-
An observer joins a football team to record fan behaviour from within the group. What type of observation is this?
- Participant observation
- Structured observation
- Controlled observation
- Non-participant observation
-
Why must behavioural categories be mutually exclusive in an observational study?
- Ensures participant anonymity
- Increases sample size
- Prevents category overlap
- Reduces research costs
-
Two observers watch the same child and compare their tally scores. Which consistency measure are they checking?
- Test-retest reliability
- Inter-observer reliability
- Ecological validity
- Internal validity
-
Which statistical test assesses the degree of agreement between two independent observers' nominal data?
- Mann-Whitney test
- Cohen's kappa
- Spearman's rho
- Wilcoxon test
-
An observer records whether a behaviour occurred during a set interval using a binary code. What is this?
- Semantic differential
- Open question
- Likert scale
- Coding frame
-
What is a primary limitation of time sampling during observational research?
- Requires ethical approval
- Produces qualitative data
- Increases demand characteristics
- Misses unobserved intervals
-
Which observational design allows researchers to exert maximum control over extraneous variables?
- Controlled observation
- Covert observation
- Participant observation
- Naturalistic observation
-
When observers selectively record behaviour that fits their pre-existing expectations, what is this called?
- Social desirability
- Observer effect
- Observer bias
- Demand characteristics
-
To calculate percentage inter-observer agreement, observers divide total agreements by total observations and multiply by what?
- 100
- 10
- 50
- 1000
-
An observer tallies aggressive acts into kicking, punching, and shouting. What are these specific groupings called?
- Coding frames
- Sampling techniques
- Behavioural categories
- Rating scales
-
Observing participants in their natural environment without manipulating any variables is which observation type?
- Naturalistic observation
- Controlled observation
- Participant observation
- Structured observation
-
What type of observation occurs when the researcher watches participants from a distance without joining in?
- Participant observation
- Controlled observation
- Covert observation
- Non-participant observation
-
What type of observation takes place when participants are aware they are being watched?
- Controlled observation
- Overt observation
- Participant observation
- Covert observation
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