3.2.3.4 Diet, nutrition and health risks Quiz: AQA Food Preparation and Nutrition, Unit 1

The 20 questions

1. Which health risk is linked with a diet high in saturated fat?

   • Coronary heart disease
   • Night blindness in children
   • Rickets in young children
   • Scurvy from low vitamin C

2. Which condition is linked with a lack of vitamin D in children?

   • Rickets
   • Osteoporosis
   • Type 2 diabetes
   • Iron deficiency anaemia

3. Which condition is linked with a lack of calcium in older adults?

   • Night blindness
   • Osteoporosis
   • Dental caries
   • Rickets

4. Which dietary factor is the main cause of obesity?

   • Taking in too much vitamin C from citrus fruits
   • Taking in too much water during a hot day
   • Taking in too much fibre from wholegrain cereals
   • Taking in more energy than the body uses over time

5. Which dietary change would help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes?

   • Eating large portions of fried foods to maintain energy levels
   • Reducing free sugars and maintaining a healthy body weight
   • Increasing the intake of free sugars to raise blood sugar levels
   • Cutting out all starchy foods completely from the diet

6. Which nutrient deficiency causes iron deficiency anaemia?

   • Calcium
   • Iron
   • Iodine
   • Fluoride

7. Which dietary change would help reduce the risk of high blood pressure?

   • Reducing salt intake and eating more fruit and vegetables
   • Drinking only fizzy drinks to keep the body hydrated during the day
   • Eating more fried and processed meat to raise the blood pressure
   • Increasing salt intake to balance the body's fluids more quickly

8. Which condition is linked with a diet that is high in free sugars and poor oral hygiene?

   • Night blindness, caused by too little vitamin A
   • Rickets, caused by too little vitamin D
   • Scurvy, caused by too little vitamin C
   • Dental caries (tooth decay)

9. Why is a high saturated fat intake a risk factor for coronary heart disease?

   • It increases the amount of vitamin D absorbed, which blocks the arteries
   • It lowers blood cholesterol levels, which can cause blockages in the arteries
   • It reduces the iron stored in the blood, which blocks the arteries over time
   • It can raise blood cholesterol levels, which can lead to blockages in the arteries

10. A student's diet is low in iron and they feel tired and pale. Which condition is most likely?

    • Vitamin A deficiency
    • Vitamin D deficiency
    • Iron deficiency anaemia
    • Osteoporosis in adults

11. Which food change would best help reduce the risk of dental decay?

    • Replacing water with sugary fizzy drinks between meals
    • Adding honey and syrup to hot drinks at every meal
    • Adding sweets and biscuits to every meal of the day
    • Replacing sugary drinks with water or milk

12. Which statement about the link between a high-salt diet and health is accurate?

    • A high-salt diet has no link with blood pressure or heart health
    • A high-salt diet lowers the risk of high blood pressure and stroke
    • A high-salt diet causes iron deficiency and tiredness in most adults
    • A high-salt diet raises the risk of high blood pressure and stroke

13. Which group of conditions is most closely linked with obesity?

    • Iron deficiency, dental caries and goitre in adults and children
    • Dental caries, iodine deficiency and weak bones in older adults
    • Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and coronary heart disease
    • Rickets, night blindness and scurvy in children and adults

14. Explain how a low-fibre diet can contribute to health problems.

    • Low fibre increases the body's iron stores, which causes weight loss and tiredness in most people
    • Low fibre raises the body's protein levels, which leads to tooth decay and high blood pressure
    • Low fibre can lead to constipation and makes energy from sugars and fats more likely to be taken in
    • Low fibre removes all vitamins from the body, which causes rickets and weak bones in adults

15. Why does a diet low in vitamin D increase the risk of weak bones?

    • Vitamin D is stored in the teeth, which weakens the bones in the mouth only
    • Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, which is needed for strong bones
    • Vitamin D converts fat into bone, so a lack of fat weakens the skeleton
    • Vitamin D removes calcium from the bones, which makes the bones weaker over time

16. Explain why a student should reduce cooking fat when preparing a meal for someone at risk of CHD.

    • More fat increases the body's vitamin D levels, which lowers the risk of CHD
    • More fat increases the blood's iron levels, which lowers the risk of CHD
    • Less fat, especially saturated fat, lowers the risk of raised blood cholesterol and CHD
    • More fat reduces the body's blood pressure, which lowers the risk of CHD

17. Which condition is linked with a diet that is high in salt?

    • Rickets in toddlers
    • High blood pressure
    • Night blindness
    • Scurvy in sailors

18. Which nutrient deficiency is linked with the condition known as iron deficiency anaemia?

    • Vitamin D
    • Iodine
    • Vitamin C
    • Iron

19. Which lifestyle factor is most linked with the development of Type 2 diabetes?

    • A high intake of calcium from milk and dairy products
    • Excess body weight and a high intake of energy and sugar
    • A high intake of water and fruit juice through the day
    • A high intake of fibre from wholegrain cereals and pulses

20. Why is a healthy weight important in reducing the risk of Type 2 diabetes?

    • Excess body weight makes the body less responsive to insulin, raising the risk
    • Excess body weight makes the body produce more insulin than it needs
    • Excess body weight stores vitamin D, which raises the risk of diabetes
    • Excess body weight removes the need for insulin in the body

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