3.2.2.3 Water: functions, losses and daily fluid needs Quiz: AQA Food Preparation and Nutrition, Unit 1

The 20 questions

1. What is one main function of water in the body?

   • Helping to eliminate waste from the body and cool it down
   • Providing the main source of energy for muscles during exercise
   • Building the protein structures of muscles and bones
   • Storing vitamins A, D, E and K in the liver until needed

2. Which of these is a main way the body loses water?

   • Drinking milk and fruit juice
   • Digesting starch and protein foods
   • Sweating, urine and breathing out
   • Eating cooked vegetables and fruit

3. Which situation means a person needs extra fluids?

   • Eating a meal that is low in fat and high in fibre
   • Sitting quietly indoors on a cool day with no physical activity
   • Sleeping at night in a cool room with the windows open
   • Exercising hard on a hot day, which causes heavy sweating

4. Which food is a good source of water in the diet?

   • Fruit, vegetables and soup
   • Sugar, honey and syrup
   • Crisps, biscuits and salted nuts
   • Butter, oil and margarine

5. A student makes a smoothie from fruit and milk. Which benefit does the drink give for fluid intake?

   • It removes the need for food, since smoothies provide fluid and energy only
   • It replaces all daily water needs, so no other drinks are needed on the day
   • It contributes no fluid, because fruit and milk are dry foods with no water
   • It contributes to daily fluid intake, since milk and fruit both contain water

6. Why is water needed for digestion?

   • It provides vitamin D, which is needed to digest fat in the small intestine
   • It turns starch directly into protein in the stomach, which is then absorbed
   • It helps break down food and carry nutrients through the digestive system
   • It forms the fibre that keeps the bowel moving, so no other digestion is needed

7. Which statement about water and the body's temperature is correct?

   • Water is stored as fat under the skin, which keeps the body warm in cold weather
   • Water helps cool the body through sweating and evaporation from the skin
   • Water raises the body's temperature by releasing heat in the stomach
   • Water has no effect on body temperature, which is controlled only by the liver

8. Which drink is most suitable for replacing fluid lost through sweating during a long workout?

   • A strong, sugary fizzy drink with extra caffeine
   • A very strong cup of coffee with a large amount of sugar
   • A rich milkshake with cream and chocolate syrup
   • Water or a diluted sports drink

9. A recipe for soup uses a large amount of fresh vegetables. Why is the soup a good food for hydration?

   • The soup contains large amounts of fat, which absorbs water and keeps it in the body
   • The vegetables are dried before cooking, which removes all water from the soup
   • The vegetables and stock contribute water, which supports the daily fluid intake
   • The vegetables contain no water, so the soup contributes only through its salt content

10. Which statement about water loss through urine is accurate?

    • Urine is mainly fat, so water is kept in the bloodstream rather than lost
    • Urine is mainly protein, so the body loses protein rather than water through it
    • Urine is a route for removing waste and excess water from the body
    • Urine is produced only when a person has a high carbohydrate intake

11. Why is it important not to wait until you are thirsty to drink water?

    • By the time thirst is felt, the body may already be mildly dehydrated
    • Thirst is a sign that the body has stored enough fat for the day ahead
    • Thirst always means the body has too much water, so drinking should wait
    • Thirst only starts after a meal, so drinking before it is not needed

12. Which change to a school lunch box would most improve the fluid intake of a pupil?

    • Adding extra crisps and a bag of sweets in place of the fruit
    • Adding a bottle of water and a piece of fruit with a high water content
    • Adding a packet of salted nuts and a fizzy drink with extra sugar
    • Adding a chocolate bar and a sweet biscuit for extra energy

13. Explain how a student can tell if they are not drinking enough fluid.

    • A large appetite and fast weight loss are the only signs of too little fluid
    • Dark urine and feeling thirsty or tired can be signs of mild dehydration
    • Pale urine and feeling very hot are signs that the body has too much fluid
    • Clear urine and sweating are signs that the body is losing too much protein

14. How does the body lose water through breathing?

    • Water is converted into oxygen in the lungs and breathed out again
    • Moisture from the lungs is breathed out with each breath
    • Water is absorbed into the lungs and stored as fat until it is used
    • Water is breathed in and converted to energy by the lungs each breath

15. Which statement about daily fluid needs is accurate?

    • Fluid needs are the same for everyone regardless of activity or temperature
    • Fluid needs vary with age, activity, and the temperature of the surroundings
    • Fluid needs are met only by drinking water, not by food or other drinks
    • Fluid needs fall to zero during exercise because the body stops losing water

16. Explain why a person with a fever may need extra fluid.

    • A fever increases sweating and fluid loss, so the body needs more fluid to replace it
    • A fever stops the body losing fluid, so extra fluid is not needed at all
    • A fever turns water into fat, which means the body stores more fluid than normal
    • A fever causes the stomach to produce more water, so no extra drinks are needed

17. Which substance makes up the largest proportion of the human body?

    • Protein
    • Fat
    • Water
    • Carbohydrate

18. Why does losing a large amount of water through sweat affect the body?

    • It can lead to dehydration, reducing the body's ability to regulate its temperature
    • It causes the body to store more fat, which lowers the body's temperature
    • It removes vitamin C from the body, which causes the skin to lose its colour
    • It increases the amount of protein in the blood, making the blood thicker and slower

19. A child is recovering from sickness and diarrhoea. Why is extra fluid important?

    • Diarrhoea and vomiting increase protein stores, which means less fluid is needed
    • Diarrhoea and vomiting cause fluid loss, so fluids help replace what is lost
    • Diarrhoea and vomiting stop water being lost, so fluids are not needed at all
    • Diarrhoea and vomiting turn water into fat, so the child needs less fluid

20. Which of these is the best example of hydrating foods in a healthy diet?

    • Crisps, salted peanuts and cheese puffs
    • Cucumber, melon and cooked vegetable soup
    • Butter, oil and cream cheese
    • Biscuits, cakes and chocolate bars

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