Lesson 3.1.1.3.3
3.1.1.3.3 Factors affecting accuracy of memory: interference, context, false memories Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 1
20 questions
In partnership with Revision Ninja
Lesson 3.1.1.3.3, Factors affecting accuracy of memory: interference, context, false memories: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA GCSE Psychology (8182), Unit 1: Memory, written with Revision Ninja.
Host it live on the board and students join with a game code on their own devices, or revise alone with Free Play. The answers are revealed in the game.
The 20 questions
-
What is interference in memory?
- When memory traces fade from storage over time with no rehearsal or use at all
- When other information, either learnt before or after, disrupts the recall of a memory
- When a cue is absent so the memory cannot be brought out of storage at recall
- When a memory is copied into long-term memory with small changes made to its details
-
What is proactive interference?
- Memories being recalled in a different context from the one in which they were learnt
- Newer memories disrupting the recall of older information that was learnt earlier on
- Information being lost from the sensory store before it can be attended to by the learner
- Older memories disrupting the recall of newer information that was learnt later
-
What is retroactive interference?
- Older memories disrupting the recall of newer information that was learnt later on
- A memory being recalled more slowly when a cue is presented at the time of recall
- Newer information disrupting the recall of older memories that were learnt earlier on
- A memory being copied into another memory during rehearsal in the short-term store
-
What is a context-dependent memory effect?
- Recall is better for items learnt with strong emotional meaning attached to them in the lesson
- Recall is better when the environment at recall is completely different from the learning place
- Recall is better when the environment at recall matches the environment at learning
- Recall is better for items presented at the start and end of a list in a memory test
-
In Godden and Baddeley's study, what was tested to show context effects?
- Recall of digit spans learnt in silence and then tested with loud background music playing
- Recognition of faces learnt in a classroom and then tested on a crowded train journey
- Recall of pictures learnt in a laboratory and then tested in a hospital ward at night
- Recall of word lists learnt on land or underwater, tested in the same or a different place
-
What is a false memory?
- A memory that is recalled accurately but only after an unusually long delay by the person
- A memory of an event or detail that did not happen, or that happened in a different way
- A memory that has been forgotten completely and can no longer be recalled by the person
- A memory that is coded only as an image and is therefore hard to put into words later
-
In Loftus and Palmer's study, what caused the change in speed estimates after watching a car crash?
- The verb used in the question, such as smashed or hit, which changed how the crash was remembered
- The length of time between watching the film and answering the questions about the crash
- The number of participants who saw the film in each group that the researchers compared
- The order in which the film clips of the crash were shown to each of the participants
-
A witness hears a leading question after an event. Which factor affecting memory accuracy is involved?
- Sensory decay, because the event faded from the sensory store before the question was asked
- Primacy, because the witness recalled the first detail of the event more clearly than others
- Serial reproduction, because the witness recalled the event in the same fixed order each time
- False memory, because the question introduced information that changed the witness's recall
-
A person learns a list of words in one room and recalls them better in the same room. Which factor is this?
- Primacy, because the first words in the list were recalled better in the first room
- Context, because the cues in the learning room support retrieval of the words
- Interference, because the objects in the other room disrupted recall of the words learnt
- False memory, because the person added words to the list that were not part of it
-
A learner revises French vocabulary and then revises Spanish vocabulary. Later they recall the French words less well. Which factor is most likely?
- Proactive interference, because the older French words disrupt recall of the newer Spanish words
- Retroactive interference, because the newer Spanish words disrupt recall of the older French words
- False memory, because the learner recalls the Spanish words as if they were French words
- Context, because the French words were learnt in a different room from the Spanish words
-
A man recalls a childhood event more accurately when he visits the house where it happened. Which factor is this?
- Context, because the environment at recall gives cues that help retrieve the memory
- Primacy, because the first memories of the house are recalled better than later ones
- Interference, because the house holds older memories that block the event's recall
- False memory, because visiting the house adds details that were never part of the event
-
Why are false memories more likely when a question uses information that was not seen?
- The misleading information is coded acoustically, which makes it impossible to tell from real events
- The person stores the misleading information in the sensory store, which lasts for several minutes
- Misleading information can be merged into the memory during recall, so the person reports details they did not see
- The short-term store holds only seven items, so the misleading information replaces the real details
-
A participant is less accurate when tested in a context unlike the one where they learnt. Which explanation is most consistent?
- The memory moves back into the sensory store, where it is lost after about one second
- Cues at recall do not match those at learning, so the route to the stored memory is weaker
- Context changes the coding of the memory, so it is always stored as a visual image instead
- The memory decays from long-term memory faster when the context at recall is different
-
Which claim about interference is best supported by research described in the specification?
- Memories are disrupted only by information that is learnt after the original memory was formed
- Memories are disrupted only when they are recalled in a different language from the learning
- Memories are never disrupted once they reach long-term memory, because they are stored permanently
- Memories can be disrupted both by what came before learning and by what comes after it
-
Which factor can increase the risk of a false memory?
- Recall that takes place in the same room in which the original event was witnessed
- Leading questions that suggest details which were not part of the original event
- Recall of a short sequence of seven numbers after a brief pause in the testing
- Recall of a list in the exact order in which the items were originally presented
-
A researcher tests recall of word lists in the lab and in a real classroom. Which factor is being tested?
- Interference, comparing recall of lists learnt in a fixed order with lists learnt in random order
- Context, comparing recall when the environment at learning and at recall match or differ
- Primacy, comparing recall of the first words in the lab list with those in the classroom list
- False memory, comparing recall of lists with misleading words added at the moment of recall
-
Why might eyewitness accounts be less accurate after a long delay?
- Short-term memory stores events for a day, so the account is replaced by a second account later
- Sensory memory fades to nothing after a delay, so no information about the event remains at all
- Long-term memory has a limited capacity, so older memories are always deleted by newer ones
- More time allows interference and reconstruction to change the memory, so recall drifts from the original
-
A participant says they saw broken glass in a film that showed no glass. Which factor best explains this?
- A false memory, created when misleading wording was added to the memory after the event
- A serial position effect, where the broken glass was recalled because it came in the first part
- Sensory decay, where the glass faded from the sensory store before the participant attended to it
- Retrieval failure, where the participant could not find the film in memory at all when asked
-
Which of these is an example of a context effect?
- Recalling a word better in the room where it was learnt than in a different room
- Recalling a word better because it was the last one in the list before recall began
- Recalling a word better because it was repeated many times in the same learning session
- Recalling a word better because it was learnt with a clear picture attached to the word
-
A researcher argues that accuracy of memory depends on more than storage. Which factor supports this?
- Sensory input alone decides accuracy, because the senses copy events directly into memory
- Coding alone decides accuracy, because acoustic coding always produces better recall than semantic coding
- Storage capacity alone decides accuracy, so a larger store always produces more accurate recall
- Retrieval cues and interference affect whether stored information can be used, even when it is still stored
Related quizzes
- Encoding, storage and retrieval: how memories are encoded and stored Quiz · 3.1.1.1.1 · 20 questions
- Episodic, semantic and procedural memory Quiz · 3.1.1.1.2 · 20 questions
- Multi-store model: sensory, short-term and long-term memory Quiz · 3.1.1.2.1 · 20 questions
- Coding, capacity and duration of each memory store Quiz · 3.1.1.2.2 · 20 questions
- Primacy and recency effects and the serial position effect Quiz · 3.1.1.2.3 · 20 questions
- Murdock's serial position curve study Quiz · 3.1.1.2.4 · 20 questions
- Theory of Reconstructive Memory and effort after meaning Quiz · 3.1.1.3.1 · 20 questions
- Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study Quiz · 3.1.1.3.2 · 20 questions
- Difference between sensation and perception Quiz · 3.1.2.1.1 · 20 questions
- Brain structures from the womb: brain stem, thalamus, cerebellum, cortex Quiz · 3.1.3.1.1 · 20 questions