Lesson 3.1.1.2.1

3.1.1.2.1 Multi-store model: sensory, short-term and long-term memory Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 1

20 questions

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Lesson 3.1.1.2.1, Multi-store model: sensory, short-term and long-term memory: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA GCSE Psychology (8182), Unit 1: Memory, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which store in the multi-store model receives sensory input first?

    • Long-term memory, a permanent store where information can be held for a lifetime
    • Sensory memory, a very brief store that receives information from the five senses
    • Short-term memory, a limited store where information is held for active use
    • Working memory, a store that manipulates information during mental tasks and problems

  2. Which store in the multi-store model is the permanent store with a very large capacity?

    • Sensory memory, a store that holds an exact copy of input for under one second
    • Echoic memory, a store that holds a brief copy of sounds for a few seconds at most
    • Short-term memory, a store that holds a small amount of information for a short time
    • Long-term memory, a store with a very large capacity that holds information for long periods

  3. Which three stores make up the multi-store model of memory?

    • Primary, secondary and tertiary memory stores
    • Sensory, short-term and long-term memory stores
    • Encoding, storage and retrieval memory stores
    • Episodic, semantic and procedural memory stores

  4. What process moves information from short-term memory into long-term memory in the multi-store model?

    • Retrieval, bringing stored information back into the short-term store for use
    • Rehearsal, repeating information so that it is transferred into long-term memory
    • Attention, focusing on a stimulus so that it passes out of the sensory store
    • Decay, the natural fading of a memory trace over a short period of time

  5. Which process moves information from sensory memory into short-term memory?

    • Retrieval, locating a stored item in long-term memory so that it can be used again
    • Decay, the fading of unattended information from the sensory store over time
    • Rehearsal, repeated practice that keeps information active in the short-term store
    • Attention, paying focus to some sensory input so that it passes into short-term memory

  6. A student hears a phone number and repeats it in their head until they can dial it. Which store is holding the number during the repetition?

    • Long-term memory, because the number is held permanently after repeated practice
    • Short-term memory, because the number is kept active by repeated rehearsal
    • Sensory memory, because the number is held as an exact copy of the sound
    • Episodic memory, because the number is linked to the student's personal experience of the call

  7. A flash of light lasts a split second in the eye before fading. Which store holds this brief copy?

    • Short-term memory, a store that holds a limited number of items for around 20 seconds
    • Sensory memory, a brief store that holds an exact copy of visual input
    • Working memory, a store where information is manipulated for a task as it is used
    • Long-term memory, a store where information is held permanently for a lifetime

  8. A person hears a name in a busy room, does not attend to it, and it is gone almost at once. Which store most likely held it?

    • Short-term memory, because the name was lost after rehearsal was interrupted by the noise
    • Episodic memory, because the name was linked to the personal event of the busy room
    • Sensory memory, because unattended input fades from the sensory store within a fraction of a second
    • Long-term memory, because the name was never transferred from the store into a permanent code

  9. A learner holds numbers for a mental task, but they vanish after about 20 seconds without rehearsal. Which store is most likely involved?

    • Long-term memory, because numbers are coded semantically and kept for a lifetime
    • Short-term memory, because a limited store holds information for about 18 to 30 seconds without rehearsal
    • Long-term memory, because numbers are kept permanently once they have been attended to
    • Sensory memory, because a copy of the numbers is kept for under one second only

  10. Which description best matches the flow of information in the multi-store model?

    • Information flows from sensory memory to short-term memory to long-term memory, with rehearsal moving it on
    • Information flows directly from sensory memory to long-term memory without passing through any other store
    • Information flows from long-term memory to short-term memory to sensory memory as items are checked
    • Information flows from short-term memory to sensory memory, then to long-term memory each time it is repeated

  11. Why is short-term memory described as a bottleneck in the multi-store model?

    • Only a small amount of information can be held at once, so only some of it can reach long-term memory
    • All sensory input must pass through it, so it stores every item for a whole lifetime afterwards
    • It holds a large amount of information for long periods, so the flow of information is slowed
    • It sends information straight back to the senses, so no information reaches long-term memory

  12. Which example best shows information passing from short-term to long-term memory?

    • A student repeats a list of key terms many times until they can recall them in an exam next week
    • A student glances at a sign for a moment and forgets it as soon as they look away again
    • A student hears a loud sound and turns to look at its source straight away in the room
    • A student recalls a fact from long-term memory and says it aloud to a classmate in class

  13. A store has an unlimited capacity and holds information for a lifetime. Which store is this?

    • Long-term memory, because it has a very large capacity and holds information for many years
    • Short-term memory, because it holds a limited number of items for a short period of time
    • Working memory, because it holds items for a task while they are actively being used
    • Sensory memory, because it holds an exact copy of input before the information fades away

  14. Which statement about the three stores of the multi-store model is correct?

    • Each store holds information for the same duration, so they differ only in how input is coded
    • Each store has the same capacity, so the stores differ only in the type of input they receive
    • Each store differs in its coding, capacity and duration, so the stores are treated as separate
    • All three stores code information in the same way, so they differ only in how long they last

  15. Which example best shows attention acting as the gate from sensory memory to short-term memory?

    • A person reads a sign twice in a row so that the wording is stored in long-term memory
    • A person repeats a phone number in their head so that it can be dialled later on in the day
    • A person looks up a fact stored years ago when asked about it in an exam question at school
    • A person focuses on one voice at a party, so that voice is passed on for further processing

  16. A short-term store is full when a new item arrives. What does the model predict about the existing items?

    • Some existing items are displaced unless they are rehearsed, so the store keeps only a limited number
    • The new item is automatically transferred to long-term memory for permanent storage
    • All items are lost at once, because the store cannot hold more than a single item at a time
    • The new item is held in the sensory store until the short-term store has space to receive it

  17. Why might a researcher question whether the multi-store model explains all memory?

    • Because it describes sensory memory as lasting for several minutes, which is far too long for any input
    • Because it describes a single route for all information and does not explain differences between types of memory
    • Because it says rehearsal is needed for every memory, but rehearsal is never used for procedural memory
    • Because it states that long-term memory has a limited capacity, which is contrary to recall studies

  18. A patient with a damaged short-term store could still learn new long-term information. What does this challenge?

    • The idea that rehearsal is the only route for information to enter sensory memory
    • The idea that all information must pass through short-term memory to reach long-term memory
    • The idea that sensory memory holds an exact copy of input for less than one second
    • The idea that long-term memory has a capacity that is far larger than short-term memory

  19. Which of these is the best example of the short-term store being used?

    • A person holds a shopping list in their head while walking around the supermarket to the checkout
    • A person knows that a country is in Europe, which they learnt in a geography lesson years ago
    • A person recalls the memory of their first holiday abroad during a family dinner at home
    • A person rides a bicycle along a road without thinking about the steps needed to keep balance

  20. A student recalls a formula from a lesson in an exam the next day. Which memory structure best explains the recall?

    • Information was held in sensory memory for a full day after the lesson ended
    • Information was transferred into long-term memory and retrieved for use later
    • Information was kept in short-term memory for a full day without any rehearsal
    • Information was coded only as an image, so it could be recalled without transfer

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