Lesson 4.3.3.5

4.3.3.5 Social learning, culture and media in gender roles Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 3

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

In partnership with Revision Ninja

Lesson 4.3.3.5, Social learning, culture and media in gender roles: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Psychology (7182), Unit 3: Issues and options in Psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

Host it live on the board and students join with a game code on their own devices, or revise alone with Free Play. The answers are revealed in the game.

Host this setFree Play

The 20 questions

  1. What does social learning theory propose about the development of gender roles?

    • Gender roles are learned only through unconscious conflicts
    • Gender roles are fixed by chromosomes and cannot be learned
    • Gender-typed behaviour is learned through observation, imitation, reinforcement and identification with models
    • Gender roles are determined only by the number of siblings a child has

  2. What is vicarious reinforcement in social learning theory?

    • A child is punished for behaviour they have never seen
    • A child learns to repeat a behaviour after seeing a model rewarded for it
    • A child learns a behaviour from a chromosome pattern
    • A child is rewarded directly for behaviour they perform themselves

  3. Which process is central to children adopting gender-typed behaviour from same-sex models?

    • Identification with the same-sex model
    • Operationalisation of gender variables
    • Debriefing after gender studies
    • Random allocation to gender groups

  4. In Bandura's work, which factor is most important in determining whether a child imitates a model?

    • Whether the model is seen to be rewarded for the behaviour
    • Whether the child has a particular chromosome pattern
    • Whether the model is a stranger to the child
    • Whether the child is older than four years of age

  5. How does culture influence gender roles, according to social learning theory?

    • Cultures influence gender only after the age of eighteen
    • Cultures transmit expectations about gender through family, schooling and social norms, which children then learn
    • Cultures determine gender roles only through genetic inheritance
    • Cultures have no effect on gender roles because gender is fixed by biology

  6. How might media influence gender roles according to social learning theory?

    • Media affect gender only through chromosome patterns
    • Media have no effect on children because they cannot imitate figures on screen
    • Media only influence gender roles in adults over the age of thirty
    • Children learn gender-typed behaviour by watching the gender roles that are modelled and rewarded on television

  7. Which evaluation of social learning theory of gender is most appropriate?

    • It explains how gender-typed behaviour is learned, but it may underplay the child's own active thinking about gender
    • It has been rejected by every study on gender roles
    • It explains all gender differences without any need for other theories
    • It shows that children learn gender only after they reach puberty

  8. A boy is praised by his father for playing football but ignored when he plays with dolls. Which social learning process is most evident?

    • Gender constancy in Kohlberg's sense
    • Operant punishment of his biology
    • Reinforcement of gender-typed behaviour
    • Random allocation to conditions

  9. Which study design would best test whether children imitate same-sex models more often?

    • A survey asking adults about their childhood toys
    • An experiment in which children watch same-sex and opposite-sex models and their imitation is recorded
    • A case study of a single family's income
    • A correlation of children's height with their reading speed

  10. Why is the Bobo doll study relevant to social learning theory of gender?

    • It showed that gender is determined by chromosomes in all children
    • It showed that children never imitate adults
    • It showed that gender roles are unrelated to observation
    • It showed that children imitate the behaviour of models, including aggressive behaviour that was rewarded

  11. What is a limitation of social learning explanations of gender roles?

    • They cannot be applied to children at all
    • They claim that gender roles are determined only by genes
    • They assume children are unable to observe anything
    • They may underestimate the role of biological factors such as prenatal hormones

  12. Which statement best describes the influence of culture on gender roles?

    • Culture has no influence on gender roles at any stage of life
    • Cultures only influence gender through genetic inheritance
    • Gender roles are identical in every culture because they are biological
    • Cultures differ in the roles they assign to men and women, which shows that gender roles are partly learned

  13. A researcher finds that children whose parents share housework equally show less gender stereotyping. Which explanation is most consistent with social learning theory?

    • Housework has no effect on children's attitudes
    • Children learn from the models they observe at home, so equal sharing of roles provides different models
    • Children are born with a fixed level of stereotyping that parents cannot change
    • Children learn stereotypes only from chromosome patterns

  14. Which factor most strongly influences the degree to which children model gender roles?

    • The child's height at birth
    • The child's preference for music
    • The number of chromosomes present in the cell nucleus
    • The reinforcement and models available in their social environment

  15. A teenager adopts a gender-typed behaviour after seeing a favourite television character rewarded for it. Which concept best explains this?

    • Gender constancy in Kohlberg's theory
    • Piaget's concrete operational thinking
    • Psychic determinism from Freud's theory
    • Vicarious reinforcement through media modelling

  16. Which of these is most accurate about the impact of media on gender roles?

    • Media can shape gender expectations, but its influence depends on what children see and on other experiences
    • Media influence gender only through chromosome patterns
    • Media always fix gender roles permanently regardless of other experiences
    • Media have been proven to have no effect on gender at all

  17. What is identification in social learning theory of gender?

    • A child recognising their own face in a mirror
    • A child wanting to be like a same-sex model and adopting that model's gender-typed behaviour
    • A child counting objects accurately in a conservation task
    • A child testing a hypothesis about the physical world

  18. In social learning theory, what is direct reinforcement?

    • A child seeing another person rewarded for a behaviour
    • A child copying behaviour without ever receiving any feedback
    • A child being rewarded or punished for a behaviour they have performed themselves
    • A child learning a behaviour from a genetic inheritance

  19. A teacher praises girls for helping tidy the classroom but praises boys for carrying equipment. What might children learn from this?

    • That tidying and carrying have no link to gender at any age
    • That gender is fixed by chromosomes and cannot be influenced by praise
    • That praise has no effect on children's behaviour in school
    • That helping and carrying are linked to gender, which may shape the roles they adopt

  20. Which evaluation of the Bandura Bobo doll study as evidence for social learning of gender is most appropriate?

    • It shows that observational learning never occurs in children
    • It is direct proof that gender roles are learned, since it concerned gender
    • It proves that gender is determined only by chromosomes
    • It demonstrates observational learning, but it concerned aggression rather than gender roles, so it is only indirect evidence

All AQA Psychology quizzes