Lesson 4.3.3.1

4.3.3.1 Chromosomes, hormones and diversity in sex development Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 3

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson 4.3.3.1, Chromosomes, hormones and diversity in sex development: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Psychology (7182), Unit 3: Issues and options in Psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. What chromosome combination is typical of biological males?

    • XY
    • XO
    • XX
    • XXY

  2. Which gene on the Y chromosome is most associated with triggering development of the testes?

    • The BRCA gene
    • The CFTR gene
    • The SRY gene
    • The HBB gene

  3. Which hormone is most associated with the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?

    • Oestrogen
    • Cortisol
    • Oxytocin
    • Testosterone

  4. Which hormone is most associated with bonding and childbirth?

    • Testosterone
    • Melatonin
    • Oestrogen
    • Oxytocin

  5. What is androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)?

    • A condition in which an individual produces unusually high levels of oestrogen throughout life
    • A condition in which an individual has no sex chromosomes at all
    • A condition in which an individual has three X chromosomes and no Y chromosome
    • A condition in which genetically XY individuals have cells that do not respond properly to androgens, often developing a female external appearance

  6. What is Klinefelter's syndrome?

    • A condition in which a female has only one X chromosome
    • A condition in which a female has an extra copy of every autosome
    • A condition in which a male has no Y chromosome at all
    • A condition in which a male has an extra X chromosome, giving an XXY karyotype

  7. What is Turner syndrome?

    • A condition in which a male has an extra X chromosome, giving an XXY karyotype
    • A condition in which a female has one X chromosome and no second sex chromosome, giving an XO karyotype
    • A condition in which an individual has two Y chromosomes
    • A condition in which a male lacks a Y chromosome but has two X chromosomes

  8. Which of the following is a typical feature of Turner syndrome?

    • Testes that produce large amounts of testosterone
    • Full androgen sensitivity and male external genitalia
    • Three X chromosomes and no Y chromosome
    • Short stature and underdeveloped ovaries

  9. A person with an XY karyotype develops a female external appearance because their cells do not respond to androgens. Which condition is this?

    • Oxytocin deficiency
    • Turner syndrome
    • Androgen insensitivity syndrome
    • Klinefelter's syndrome

  10. A male with an XXY karyotype is typically associated with which feature?

    • Reduced testosterone and often reduced fertility
    • Short stature with ovaries
    • Absence of any sex chromosomes
    • Increased oestrogen and full fertility

  11. Why is diversity in sex development important to the study of gender?

    • It shows that biological sex is not always a simple binary, which complicates explanations of gender based on chromosomes alone
    • It proves that all people share the same chromosomes
    • It shows that hormones have no role in sex development
    • It demonstrates that gender is entirely fixed at birth

  12. A researcher measures testosterone levels in a group of women and men. What is the most accurate interpretation?

    • Women produce testosterone only during pregnancy
    • Both sexes produce testosterone, but men typically have higher levels
    • Testosterone levels are identical in men and women
    • Only men produce testosterone at any stage of life

  13. Which hormone is produced in both sexes and is associated with female physical development?

    • Melatonin only in children
    • Oestrogen
    • Testosterone only in women
    • Oxytocin only in men

  14. Which evaluation best describes the role of chromosomes and hormones in biological sex?

    • They are unimportant because biological sex is determined entirely by social factors
    • They have been fully confirmed to be the only influences on sex development
    • They are important, but variations such as AIS show that the link between genes, hormones and physical sex is not always simple
    • They are entirely sufficient to predict every aspect of a person's gender identity

  15. A person with an XO karyotype is most likely to show which pattern?

    • Male sex with high testosterone
    • Full fertility with typical male development
    • Female sex with short stature
    • Male sex with XXY features

  16. Which pattern is typical of an XXY karyotype?

    • Female sex with normal ovaries
    • Male sex with an absent SRY gene
    • Male sex with reduced testosterone levels
    • Female sex with short stature

  17. A researcher argues that gender must be understood only through chromosomes. Which evidence most directly challenges this view?

    • Chromosomes are identical in all human cells
    • Hormones are never linked to chromosomes
    • All individuals with XY chromosomes develop identical features
    • Individuals with the same chromosomes can have different appearances and identities, as in AIS

  18. Which statement about oxytocin is most accurate?

    • It causes the development of the testes in an embryo
    • It is only found in animals and not in humans
    • It is produced only by men and is linked to aggression
    • It is involved in social bonding and in childbirth and breastfeeding

  19. What is the main function of the SRY gene?

    • To control the menstrual cycle
    • To produce oestrogen in females
    • To carry the instructions for blood clotting
    • To initiate the development of the testes in an embryo

  20. Which feature is characteristic of androgen insensitivity syndrome?

    • A female external appearance in a person with an XY karyotype
    • Three X chromosomes and no Y chromosome
    • Reduced testosterone with a male external appearance and an extra X chromosome
    • Short stature and ovarian underdevelopment

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