Lesson 4.3.2.2

4.3.2.2 Theories of romantic relationships and relationship breakdown Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 3

20 questions

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Lesson 4.3.2.2, Theories of romantic relationships and relationship breakdown: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Psychology (7182), Unit 3: Issues and options in Psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. What is the basic premise of social exchange theory?

    • Relationships are maintained by biological drives that operate independently of rewards
    • Relationships are maintained when partners never compare themselves to others
    • Relationships are maintained when the rewards a person gains outweigh the costs they incur
    • Relationships are maintained only when partners share exactly the same interests

  2. In social exchange theory, what is the comparison level?

    • The number of times a couple has argued in a single week
    • The standard a person uses to judge whether a relationship is satisfying, based on past experience and expectations
    • The ratio of rewards to costs that the partner accepts from the relationship
    • The score a couple gets on a relationship satisfaction questionnaire

  3. What is the core idea of equity theory?

    • Partners are satisfied only when they receive more than they contribute
    • Partners are satisfied only when their relationship has no costs at all
    • Partners who receive outcomes that are fair relative to their contributions are most satisfied
    • Partners who contribute the most always receive the most rewards

  4. According to equity theory, how do people in an inequitable relationship typically feel?

    • Indifferent, because fairness does not affect feelings
    • Only distressed when they are over-benefited
    • Only distressed when they are under-benefited
    • Distressed, whether they are under-benefited or over-benefited

  5. What are the components of Rusbult's investment model?

    • Commitment is shaped by genetic similarity and shared hobbies only
    • Commitment is shaped by satisfaction, quality of alternatives and investment in the relationship
    • Commitment is shaped by physical attractiveness, age and income only
    • Commitment is shaped by the number of friends a partner has

  6. In Rusbult's investment model, what does the quality of alternatives refer to?

    • The level of trust between the partners
    • How attractive the best available options outside the current relationship appear to be
    • The amount of time the couple spends together each week
    • The number of other people who have ever dated the partner

  7. Duck's phase model describes relationship breakdown as beginning with which phase?

    • The grave dressing phase, in which the couple publicly tells the story of the breakdown
    • The intra-psychic phase, in which one partner privately broods over dissatisfaction
    • The dyadic phase, in which the partners confront each other directly
    • The social phase, in which friends and family are brought into the dispute

  8. Which phase of Duck's model involves the partners confronting each other directly about their dissatisfaction?

    • The social phase
    • The intra-psychic phase
    • The dyadic phase
    • The grave dressing phase

  9. Which phase of Duck's model involves friends and family being drawn into the breakdown?

    • The dyadic phase
    • The social phase
    • The intra-psychic phase
    • The grave dressing phase

  10. What happens in the grave dressing phase of Duck's model?

    • The partners confront each other over their shared finances
    • The former partners construct a public account that explains and justifies the end of the relationship
    • The partners agree a formal plan to repair the relationship
    • The partners privately brood over their dissatisfaction for months

  11. A person privately thinks about their unhappiness with a partner but has not yet raised it with them. Which phase of Duck's model is this?

    • The dyadic phase
    • The social phase
    • The intra-psychic phase
    • The grave dressing phase

  12. A couple has a strong commitment because they are highly satisfied, have invested a lot and see few better alternatives. Which theory explains this?

    • Duck's phase model
    • Rusbult's investment model
    • Filter theory
    • The matching hypothesis

  13. A person in a long relationship says they stay because they have invested heavily and the alternatives are poor. Which concept does this illustrate?

    • Complementarity, which raises commitment
    • High quality of alternatives, which raises commitment
    • Investment and low quality of alternatives, both of which raise commitment
    • Self-disclosure, which lowers commitment

  14. Which evaluation of social exchange theory is most appropriate?

    • It proves that all relationships are purely economic and emotion plays no part
    • It shows that costs are irrelevant to relationship decisions
    • It explains many relationship decisions in terms of rewards and costs, but may underplay altruism and emotional motives
    • It has been completely disproved by all research on relationships

  15. A couple feels equitable because they both contribute similar amounts of time and money. Which theory best explains their satisfaction?

    • Duck's phase model
    • Hard determinism
    • Equity theory
    • Filter theory

  16. Which is a criticism of equity theory?

    • It requires all relationships to be between identical partners
    • It assumes that people never feel distress in relationships
    • It cannot be applied to any relationship at all
    • It is hard to measure what counts as a fair contribution, since people judge inputs and outcomes differently

  17. Why might a person stay in a relationship that is costly, according to social exchange theory?

    • Because the rewards still seem to outweigh the costs compared with what they expect or can get elsewhere
    • Because social exchange theory says costly relationships always last
    • Because costs are irrelevant when a relationship is long
    • Because people never compare their relationships to others

  18. A relationship breaks down in stages that move from private thought to public account. Which model describes this sequence?

    • Rusbult's investment model
    • Social exchange theory
    • Duck's phase model
    • Filter theory

  19. Which statement best explains the link between the investment model and relationship breakdown?

    • Investments have no effect on whether a relationship continues
    • Relationships break down only when partners have never met
    • High commitment always leads to relationship breakdown
    • Low commitment, from low satisfaction, few investments and good alternatives, makes it more likely that a relationship will end

  20. A couple who have each invested years in a shared home, joint savings and a family stay together even though they are not especially happy. Which factor in Rusbult's investment model best explains this?

    • High investment, which increases commitment even when satisfaction is only moderate
    • Complementarity, which makes each partner's traits fit the other's needs
    • A high quality of alternatives, which makes the couple see other partners as attractive
    • Low investment, which makes the couple feel free to leave at any time

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