Lesson 4.3.10.4

4.3.10.4 Reducing addiction and Prochaska's model of behaviour change Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 3

20 questions

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Lesson 4.3.10.4, Reducing addiction and Prochaska's model of behaviour change: 20 multiple choice questions for the AQA Psychology (7182), Unit 3: Issues and options in Psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which drug therapy is commonly used to help people stop smoking by reducing withdrawal and cravings?

    • Typical antipsychotic medication
    • Benzodiazepines used as a sedative for anxiety
    • Nicotine replacement therapy
    • Beta blockers used to reduce heart rate

  2. What is aversion therapy?

    • Pairing an addictive behaviour or substance with an unpleasant stimulus so that the behaviour becomes less attractive
    • Removing all cues from the environment so that cravings are never triggered at all
    • Exposing the person to a reward for the behaviour so that it is strengthened
    • Pairing an addictive behaviour with a pleasant stimulus so that the behaviour becomes more attractive

  3. What is covert sensitisation?

    • A form of biofeedback in which the person monitors their heart rate during cravings, and learns to lower it through practice over several weeks
    • A form of cognitive therapy in which the person is asked to challenge all irrational beliefs about the substance they use, one at a time
    • A form of drug therapy in which a person takes a medication that blocks all cravings, so the urge to use the substance is removed completely
    • A form of aversion therapy in which the person imagines an unpleasant consequence while thinking about the addictive behaviour

  4. Which approach to reducing addiction focuses on identifying and challenging irrational beliefs about the substance or behaviour?

    • Cognitive behaviour therapy
    • Taste aversion conditioning with a food
    • Covert sensitisation
    • Drug therapy using beta blockers

  5. Which of the six stages in Prochaska's model is the stage in which a person intends to change within the next six months?

    • Precontemplation
    • Action
    • Contemplation
    • Maintenance

  6. In Prochaska's model, what characterises the precontemplation stage?

    • The person has already begun changing their behaviour and has been abstinent for six months
    • The person is actively planning a quit date within the next two weeks
    • The person has relapsed and is preparing to try a new method of quitting
    • The person has no intention to change their behaviour in the foreseeable future

  7. In Prochaska's model, which stage involves actively changing behaviour?

    • Precontemplation
    • Contemplation
    • Termination
    • Action

  8. Which stage of Prochaska's model is focused on sustaining change and preventing relapse?

    • Precontemplation
    • Contemplation
    • Maintenance
    • Preparation

  9. A smoker says they are thinking about quitting next year but are not ready to make a plan yet. Which stage does this describe?

    • Precontemplation
    • Action
    • Termination
    • Contemplation

  10. Which evaluation point applies to Prochaska's stages of change?

    • People reach the termination stage in every case without any setbacks at any time
    • Relapse is common, and people may move back and forth between stages rather than progressing in a straight line
    • People always progress straight through each stage in a single fixed order with no return
    • People never relapse once they have reached the action stage of the model

  11. Which evaluation point applies to aversion therapy?

    • It is always effective and never raises ethical concerns for any patient or therapist
    • It can produce effects but raises ethical concerns and may not generalise beyond the treatment setting
    • It is only applied to food and never to substances or other behaviours
    • It has been shown to work only when the patient is unaware of the treatment at all

  12. Which drug is used to help people stop smoking by acting on nicotinic and dopamine systems?

    • Benzodiazepine
    • Lithium carbonate
    • Ghrelin antagonist
    • Varenicline

  13. A patient is given a drug that reduces the rewarding effects of alcohol and is also offered CBT. Which combination best reflects treatment for addiction?

    • CBT alone, since biological factors play no role in addiction and the patient's brain chemistry has no effect on how much they drink
    • Aversion therapy alone, since no other treatment has any value for patients with alcohol problems and the other methods are never useful
    • Drug therapy and cognitive behaviour therapy, targeting both biological and cognitive aspects
    • Drug therapy alone, since cognitive factors play no role in addiction and the patient's beliefs about alcohol have no effect on drinking

  14. Which of the following best describes a behavioural intervention for addiction?

    • Using learning principles, such as aversion therapy, to change the link between cues and the addictive behaviour
    • Using brain surgery to remove the reward circuits in the frontal lobe, which is performed when other treatments have failed completely
    • Using a diet plan to change the level of ghrelin in the bloodstream, which is thought to reduce cravings for alcohol and nicotine alike
    • Using genetic testing to decide whether an addict should be given a drug, and choosing the dose from the result of the test alone

  15. Which evaluation point applies to drug therapy for addiction?

    • Drugs have no effect on withdrawal or craving in any patient at any time, so they are rarely prescribed by doctors in any clinical setting
    • Drugs are only effective in people who have never experienced addiction in their lives, so they should not be given to anyone with a history
    • Drugs may help with withdrawal and cravings but are often most effective combined with psychological support
    • Drugs always cure addiction permanently and no other support is ever needed, so the patient can stop all other forms of treatment straight away

  16. Which stage of Prochaska's model involves the person preparing to change, for example by setting a quit date?

    • Maintenance
    • Preparation
    • Precontemplation
    • Action

  17. A patient has stopped smoking for more than six months and now focuses on avoiding triggers. Which stage of Prochaska's model is this?

    • Contemplation
    • Precontemplation
    • Preparation
    • Maintenance

  18. Which statement best describes the purpose of Prochaska's model of behaviour change?

    • It describes the stages people pass through when changing an addictive behaviour, to tailor help to each stage
    • It shows that behaviour change is impossible once a person reaches adulthood
    • It proves that all addictive behaviours are caused by genes that cannot change in any person
    • It provides a single fixed drug treatment that is applied to every patient in the same way

  19. Which combination best describes the reduction of addiction through psychological methods?

    • Beta blockers, benzodiazepines and stimulants used as sedatives
    • Aversion therapy, covert sensitisation and cognitive behaviour therapy
    • Nicotine replacement, varenicline and bupropion only
    • Typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics and electroconvulsive therapy

  20. What distinguishes behavioural interventions from cognitive behaviour therapy?

    • Behavioural interventions focus on beliefs, whereas CBT changes the link between cues and behaviour directly through conditioning
    • Behavioural interventions change the link between cues and behaviour directly, whereas CBT focuses on challenging beliefs and thinking patterns
    • Behavioural interventions use drugs only, whereas CBT uses surgery to change the brain's reward circuits in the patient
    • Behavioural interventions and CBT are identical in method and aim, with no difference in technique or the target of change

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