2B.1.3 The development of Lutheran beliefs and Luther's leadership of the movement Quiz: Pearson Edexcel History, Unit 2

The 20 questions

1. Which Lutheran work, first published in 1521, set out a systematic summary of Luther's theology in Latin and was produced with Melanchthon's help?

   • The Large Catechism
   • Loci Communes
   • The Augsburg Confession
   • The Small Catechism

2. Which 1530 statement defined the primary confession of faith for the Lutheran movement?

   • Schleitheim Confession
   • Augsburg Confession
   • Formula of Concord
   • Tetrapolitan Confession

3. Who wrote the Small Catechism and Large Catechism in 1529 to instruct ordinary believers?

   • Martin Luther
   • John Calvin
   • Philip Melanchthon
   • Huldrych Zwingli

4. What key feature defined Luther's German Mass of 1526?

   • Services in Latin
   • Silent prayer only
   • Services in German
   • Rejection of communion

5. Which doctrine on the Eucharist did Luther uphold, rejecting Catholic transubstantiation?

   • Complete absence
   • Transubstantiation
   • Real presence
   • Symbolic presence

6. What was the primary effect of Luther translating the Bible into German?

   • Latin dominance
   • Accessible scripture
   • Monastic expansion
   • Papal approval

7. Which 1525 Luther pamphlet urged German princes to crush the peasant rebellion?

   • Ninety-Five Theses
   • To the Princes
   • On Christian Liberty
   • Against the Hordes

8. Which religious group, including the Zwickau Prophets, did Luther strongly oppose for radical views?

   • Radical Reformers
   • Jesuit Order
   • Imperial Knights
   • Catholic Bishops

9. Why did Luther refuse to support the Imperial Knights' Revolt in 1522–23?

   • Opposition to violence
   • Support for Rome
   • Lack of funds
   • Fear of France

10. How did Luther's political conservatism affect many German princes?

    • Triggered papal overthrow
    • Caused peasant rule
    • Led to defeat
    • Encouraged princely protection

11. Which key Lutheran document was written primarily by Philip Melanchthon in 1530?

    • Edict of Worms
    • Ninety-Five Theses
    • Council of Trent
    • Augsburg Confession

12. What was the central doctrine of Lutheran theology regarding salvation?

    • Papal absolution
    • Salvation by works
    • Total predestination
    • Justification by faith

13. What controversial personal issue involving Philip of Hesse in 1540 damaged Luther's reputation?

    • His bigamy
    • His bankruptcy
    • His treason
    • His heresy

14. Who played a major role alongside Luther in systematising Lutheran theology?

    • Philip Melanchthon
    • Thomas Müntzer
    • John Calvin
    • Desiderius Erasmus

15. Put these developments in order: A) Augsburg Confession, B) Peasants' War denounced, C) German Mass introduced.

    • A, then B, then C
    • B, then C, then A
    • C, then B, then A
    • C, then A, then B

16. What linguistic impact did Luther's Bible translation have across German regions?

    • Suppressed vernacular printing
    • Promoted Latin literacy
    • Standardised the language
    • Created new dialects

17. How did Luther use music to spread his religious message among ordinary people?

    • Latin papal chants
    • German congregational hymns
    • Silent monastic prayer
    • Instrumental solos only

18. Who was Thomas Müntzer in the context of the 1525 German Peasants' War?

    • A radical preacher
    • An Imperial general
    • A Catholic cardinal
    • A Lutheran prince

19. What main issue caused the failure of the 1529 Colloquy of Marburg between Luther and Zwingli?

    • Papal authority
    • The Eucharist
    • Clerical celibacy
    • Monastic vows

20. Which early radical reformer pushed for quick changes, such as the removal of images from churches in Wittenberg?

    • Philip Melanchthon
    • Johann Eck
    • Desiderius Erasmus
    • Andreas Carlstadt

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