1.1.1 Sub-atomic particles, isotopes and relative masses Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Chemistry, Unit 1

The 20 questions

1. Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

   • Protons and neutrons
   • Electrons only
   • Protons and electrons
   • Neutrons and electrons

2. What is the relative charge of an electron on the standard scale?

   • +2
   • +1
   • 0
   • -1

3. What is the mass number of an atom?

   • The number of electrons in its outer shell, which mainly sets the chemical reactivity
   • The total number of protons and electrons, which gives the net charge of the atom
   • The number of protons in its nucleus, which alone defines the element
   • The total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus

4. What is the approximate relative mass of a neutron on the 12C scale?

   • 2
   • 0.0005
   • 12
   • 1

5. Isotopes of the same element differ in which property?

   • The electron configuration
   • The number of neutrons
   • The number of protons
   • The number of electrons in a neutral atom

6. An atom has atomic number 17 and mass number 35. How many neutrons does it contain?

   • 52
   • 35
   • 18
   • 17

7. Which species contains 8 protons and 10 electrons?

   • The oxygen atom, O
   • The neon atom, Ne
   • The fluoride ion, F-
   • The oxide ion, O2-

8. An ion has 16 protons, 18 neutrons and 18 electrons. What is its overall charge?

   • -18
   • +2
   • -2
   • 0

9. Chlorine-37 has atomic number 17. How many neutrons does one chlorine-37 atom contain?

   • 18
   • 37
   • 20
   • 17

10. Which pair of species contains the same number of electrons?

    • F and Cl
    • Na+ and Ne
    • Na and Na+
    • Cl and Cl-

11. Which statement correctly defines relative isotopic mass?

    • The average mass of all the isotopes of an element compared with the mass of a hydrogen atom
    • The mass of one atom of a particular isotope expressed in kilograms, relative to the Earth
    • The mass of an isotope compared with 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
    • The mass in grams of one mole of a single isotope of the element as measured in a balance

12. An atom of fluorine has atomic number 9 and mass number 19. How many electrons does the fluoride ion, F-, contain?

    • 19
    • 8
    • 9
    • 10

13. How many neutrons does a carbon-14 atom contain? (Atomic number of carbon is 6.)

    • 6
    • 8
    • 14
    • 20

14. Which statement about electrons is correct?

    • They have almost the same mass as a proton but carry an opposite charge of the same size
    • They carry no charge, so they do not contribute to the chemical behaviour of the atom
    • They have negligible mass compared with protons and neutrons
    • They are located in the nucleus together with the protons and neutrons, held by strong forces

15. Two atoms, X and Y, are isotopes of the same element. Which statement must be true?

    • They have the same number of neutrons but different mass numbers and different proton numbers
    • They have different numbers of electrons in their neutral atoms, so they form different ions
    • They have the same mass number but different numbers of protons in the nucleus of each atom
    • They have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

16. An ion X2- has 34 electrons and 45 neutrons. What is its mass number?

    • 79
    • 77
    • 66
    • 34

17. An element has mass number 81 and 46 neutrons. What is its atomic (proton) number?

    • 127
    • 35
    • 46
    • 81

18. Why does an anion carry a negative charge?

    • It has gained one or more protons from the nucleus of another atom during the reaction
    • It has lost one or more electrons, so it has more protons than electrons in the atom
    • It has gained one or more electrons, so it has more electrons than protons
    • It has lost neutrons from the nucleus, which leaves an overall excess of electrons

19. Which species contains exactly 9 electrons?

    • A neutral oxygen atom, O, which has eight electrons arranged in its two shells
    • A neutral neon atom, Ne, which has ten electrons in total arranged in two shells
    • A neutral fluorine atom, F
    • A fluoride ion, F-, which has gained one electron to fill its outer shell completely

20. Why do isotopes of an element have virtually identical chemical properties?

    • They have the same relative mass, so they collide and react at the same rate in any reaction
    • They have the same number of neutrons, which controls how the atoms bond together in compounds
    • They have the same electron configuration, because they have the same number of protons and electrons
    • They have the same mass number, so their atoms form identical bonds with other atoms in reactions

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