Lesson 7.6.1
7.6.1 Transcription factors and hormones switching genes on and off Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology, Unit 7
20 questions
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Lesson 7.6.1, Transcription factors and hormones switching genes on and off: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Biology (9BI0), Unit 7: Run for your Life, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
What is the main function of a transcription factor in a cell?
- Synthesising ATP
- Translating mRNA
- Regulating gene expression
- Replicating DNA
-
Which molecule is directly produced during the process of gene transcription?
- Messenger RNA
- Ribosomal RNA
- Transfer RNA
- Polypeptide chain
-
Why can steroid hormones easily pass through cell-surface membranes?
- Charged molecules
- Lipid-soluble
- Large proteins
- Hydrophilic
-
Where are receptors for steroid hormones located within a target cell?
- Outer mitochondrial membrane
- Ribosomes
- Cell-surface membrane
- Cytoplasm or nucleus
-
Why must peptide hormones bind to receptors on cell-surface membranes?
- Lipid-insoluble
- Non-polar substances
- Small molecules
- Lipid-soluble
-
What is the direct effect of a steroid hormone-receptor complex binding to DNA?
- Blocked translation initiation
- Accelerated DNA replication
- Altered transcription rate
- Increased phospholipid synthesis
-
Which process immediately follows a lipid-soluble hormone entering a target cell?
- Receptor binding
- DNA binding
- Exocytosis
- Translation
-
What type of transcription factor reduces the rate of mRNA synthesis?
- Operon
- Repressor
- Promoter
- Activator
-
A 4-fold increase in mRNA after hormone treatment indicates an increase in what process?
- Translation
- Phosphorylation
- Transcription
- DNA replication
-
Which of these lipid-soluble hormones acts as a transcription factor by binding intracellular receptors?
- Glucagon
- Oestrogen
- Adrenaline
- Insulin
-
Which term describes the synthesis of functional products from information encoded in genes?
- Somatic mutation
- Gene expression
- DNA replication
- Genetic screening
-
Why do only specific target cells respond to a particular steroid hormone?
- Fast diffusion rate
- Specific receptors present
- Cell wall presence
- High lipid solubility
-
What chemical class of biological molecule comprises all transcription factors?
- Steroids
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
-
Why can the same steroid hormone produce different effects in different target cells?
- Variable cell pH
- Hormone structure changes
- Different DNA sequences
- Different genes expressed
-
What relationship exists between hormone concentration and transcription rate when higher concentration increases transcription?
- Positive correlation
- No relationship
- Inverse proportion
- Negative correlation
-
Where are receptors for non-steroid, protein-based hormones located in target cells?
- Cell surface membrane
- Nuclear matrix
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleolus
-
What enables cells with identical genomes to differentiate into distinct specialised cell types?
- Gene mutation rates
- Cytoplasmic cleavage
- DNA sequence variation
- Selective gene transcription
-
What effect does a drug blocking a transcription factor from DNA have on gene expression?
- DNA degradation
- Gene amplification
- Increased translation
- Reduced transcription
-
Where are receptors for lipid-soluble steroid hormones typically located inside target cells?
- Ribosomal subunit
- Cell membrane exterior
- Cytoplasm or nucleus
- Glycocalyx
-
What type of hormone diffuses into cells to form a functional transcription factor complex?
- Peptide hormone
- Steroid hormone
- Protein hormone
- Amine hormone
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