3.2.4.6.1 Addiction/dependence compared with substance misuse/abuse Quiz: AQA Psychology, Unit 8

The 20 questions

1. What is the difference between addiction/dependence and substance misuse/abuse?

   • Misuse involves no harm at all, while addiction always leads to an early death
   • Addiction is always occasional, while misuse always involves daily use of a substance
   • They are identical in every respect, and the two terms mean exactly the same thing
   • Addiction involves loss of control and continued use despite harm, while misuse may be occasional

2. Which feature is most characteristic of addiction or dependence?

   • A strong desire to use the substance even when it causes harm
   • Occasional use at parties with no ongoing problems in the person's life
   • Using a medicine exactly as prescribed by a doctor for a set period
   • Choosing a non-alcoholic drink at a meal with friends in the evening

3. Which of these describes substance misuse rather than addiction?

   • A loss of control over use that has persisted for many months at a time
   • Harmful use of a substance without the full dependence pattern
   • Placing use of a substance above all other activities and obligations in life
   • A strong craving that drives daily use despite severe and repeated harm

4. A person drinks heavily at weekends, has missed some work, but says they can stop at any time. Which is most likely?

   • Substance misuse that may be harmful but is not yet a full dependence
   • No problem at all, because weekend drinking is never harmful to anyone
   • A genetic condition that is unrelated to drinking and to the person's habits
   • A complete dependence with no capacity at all to change the pattern of use

5. Which term describes continued use of a substance despite harmful consequences?

   • Occasional use, with little or no impact on the person's daily life
   • Abstinence, meaning that the person avoids the substance entirely over time
   • Addiction or dependence, marked by continued use despite the harm it causes
   • Prescribed treatment, which follows a doctor's instructions for the dose

6. Which feature shows that a person gives a higher priority to a substance than to other activities?

   • They give up hobbies and responsibilities to make time for using the substance
   • They spend time with friends who do not use substances in any setting
   • They always complete all their work before using any substance at all
   • They rearrange their week to attend a hobby class on most evenings

7. A person finds it hard to control how much they use a substance even when they try to cut down. Which concept fits?

   • Difficulty in controlling use, which is a feature of dependence
   • Easy control of use, which is a feature of misuse only and never dependence
   • A one-off experiment with no ongoing effects on the person's life at all
   • A prescribed dose that is always followed exactly by the person at every time

8. Why is the distinction between dependence and misuse important?

   • It shows that dependence is simply a physical injury with no mental component
   • It means that no treatment is ever needed for either dependence or misuse
   • It helps identify the right support for a person's pattern of use
   • It proves that substances are always safe in small amounts for every person

9. Which is an example of harmful consequences that a person may continue despite?

   • Improved fitness from regular exercise with friends in the local park
   • A better night's sleep every night after a new routine is adopted
   • A cheaper grocery bill each week from buying fewer items in the shops
   • Damage to relationships and health from continued drinking over time

10. Which statement best describes the link between substance misuse and addiction?

    • Misuse always leads to dependence for every single person who misuses a substance
    • Misuse and dependence have no link at all in any of the research studies
    • Misuse can develop into dependence, but not always
    • Dependence always comes before any misuse in the history of a person's use

11. A patient is said to be dependent. Which information would a clinician most likely consider?

    • The patient's preference for a particular film or television programme
    • Whether the person has continued use despite harm and a difficulty controlling use
    • The patient's shoe size recorded at the start of the consultation
    • The colour of the patient's car parked outside the clinic that day

12. Which situation best shows loss of control over substance use?

    • Deciding in advance to stop after one drink and keeping to that plan
    • Declining a second drink because of an early start the next morning
    • Repeatedly planning to have one drink and then drinking far more
    • Choosing to avoid alcohol at a wedding out of respect for a friend

13. Which feature shows the 'strong desire' part of dependence?

    • A calm wish to try a new flavour of drink once a year at a festival
    • A plan to avoid a substance for a holiday that is coming up soon
    • A neutral feeling about a drink that is served with dinner at a restaurant
    • A powerful craving that keeps the person thinking about the substance

14. Which pair of terms is used in the specification for these two patterns of substance use?

    • Misuse/addiction and abuse/dependence, which describe the same stage
    • Addiction/dependence and substance misuse/abuse
    • Dependence/addiction and misuse/prescribed, which describe medical use
    • Addiction/misuse and dependence/abuse, used as interchangeable labels

15. Which is the most accurate statement about addiction?

    • It involves use that never causes any harm to the person or to others
    • It involves only physical symptoms with no changes in behaviour at all
    • It involves a single decision that a person can reverse instantly at any time
    • It involves a pattern of behaviour that a person finds very hard to control

16. Why might a person with dependence keep using even when they know it is harmful?

    • They are unable to think at all about the harm the substance may cause
    • Strong desire and reduced control can override awareness of the harm
    • They are required by law to keep using the substance under all circumstances
    • They have no idea that the substance causes any harm to their body

17. Which of the following is an example of misuse rather than dependence?

    • Using a substance more than intended on one night, without a pattern of loss of control
    • Being unable to stop using despite a strong desire to stop completely
    • Using a substance every day despite repeated harm and failed attempts to stop
    • Giving up work to focus on using a substance for much of the week

18. Which feature would be most useful for a clinician deciding whether a person is dependent?

    • A person's place of birth recorded in their medical notes at the clinic
    • A pattern of persistent use despite harmful effects over time
    • A single response to a new environment that the person found unusual
    • A person's favourite sport that they practise each weekend at a club

19. Why should a clinician consider a person's whole pattern of use rather than a single episode?

    • A single episode always proves dependence beyond any doubt in every case
    • A single episode does not show the pattern needed to judge dependence
    • A single episode is never relevant to any assessment made by a clinician
    • A single episode matters only for physical injuries and not for patterns of use

20. Which statement correctly describes substance misuse or abuse?

    • Use that is always prescribed and approved by doctors in the clinic
    • Use that causes no harm and includes all of the features of dependence
    • Use that involves only the substances that are legal in the country
    • Use that causes harm without all the features of dependence

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