Lesson 8.1.4

8.1.4 Treatments for addiction, including aversion therapy Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Psychology, Unit 8

20 questions

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Lesson 8.1.4, Treatments for addiction, including aversion therapy: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Psychology (9PS0), Unit 8: Health psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. What is aversion therapy in the treatment of addiction?

    • Pairing a drug with an unpleasant stimulus so that the drug becomes associated with discomfort
    • Encouraging the person to join a peer support group for mutual reinforcement
    • Giving a drug that gradually replaces the addictive substance with a safer one
    • Providing a reward every time a person avoids the drug

  2. Which underlying principle does aversion therapy use to change drinking behaviour?

    • Genetic counselling
    • Classical conditioning
    • Observational learning
    • Monotropic attachment

  3. Which drug is used as a pharmacological aversion treatment for alcohol dependence, causing nausea when alcohol is consumed?

    • Methadone
    • Varenicline
    • Disulfiram
    • Naltrexone

  4. Methadone is used in the treatment of heroin addiction. What is its main role?

    • It increases alcohol metabolism so drinking is unpleasant
    • It is a nicotine patch used for smoking cessation
    • It blocks all dopamine receptors to stop the reward
    • It is an opioid agonist that replaces heroin and reduces withdrawal and craving

  5. Naltrexone is used in the treatment of heroin and alcohol addiction. What is its mode of action?

    • It is an opioid antagonist that blocks opioid receptors so that the drug's effects are reduced
    • It is a stimulant that increases dopamine release
    • It is a nicotine replacement that binds to acetylcholine receptors
    • It is an anti-anxiety drug that increases GABA

  6. Which treatment for nicotine addiction provides a controlled dose of nicotine without the harmful smoke?

    • Naltrexone capsules
    • Disulfiram tablets
    • Methadone syrup
    • Nicotine replacement therapy such as patches or gum

  7. Varenicline is a treatment for nicotine addiction. Which mode of action is most accurate?

    • It replaces nicotine with an opioid agonist
    • It increases the breakdown of nicotine in the liver only
    • It partially stimulates nicotinic receptors while blocking nicotine from fully activating them
    • It fully blocks all dopamine receptors in the brain

  8. A clinic gives a patient disulfiram and advises them not to drink. Which concern is most important to explain before starting treatment?

    • Disulfiram makes the patient stop breathing immediately even when no alcohol is consumed
    • Disulfiram has no effect unless the patient smokes
    • Disulfiram works only for heroin
    • Drinking while taking the drug can cause severe nausea and other harmful reactions

  9. A researcher studies aversion therapy with heavy drinkers. Which ethical issue is most significant?

    • The use of a double-blind procedure
    • The use of a questionnaire to measure outcomes
    • The use of unpleasant stimuli, which may cause distress and requires informed consent and careful monitoring
    • The inclusion of participants of different ages

  10. Which evaluation point is most appropriate for aversion therapy as a treatment for addiction?

    • It has no basis in learning theory
    • It is only used with animals
    • It is always more effective than all other treatments in every case
    • It can be effective in the short term, but its effects may not last and it raises ethical concerns about deliberately causing distress

  11. A person receives aversion therapy for smoking that pairs smoking with a nausea-inducing drug. Which treatment outcome would best show that the therapy worked?

    • No change in smoking behaviour in any setting
    • Greater dopamine release when cigarettes are shown
    • Reduced smoking and reported nausea when cigarettes are presented after the treatment
    • Increased smoking because nausea makes the person crave cigarettes

  12. Which statement best compares substitution treatment with antagonist treatment for heroin addiction?

    • Substitution treatments block opioid receptors, whereas antagonist treatments provide a safer opioid
    • Both types of treatment are identical in their mode of action
    • Both types of treatment act only on nicotine receptors
    • Substitution treatments provide a safer opioid to replace heroin, whereas antagonist treatments block the effects of opioids

  13. A patient is prescribed a drug that causes a strong unpleasant reaction whenever alcohol is consumed. Which treatment is this?

    • An aversion treatment
    • A nicotine replacement treatment
    • A genetic counselling intervention
    • A substitution treatment

  14. Why might combining drug treatment with psychological support improve outcomes for addiction?

    • Combining treatments makes withdrawal impossible
    • Psychological support has no effect on cravings
    • Drugs alone always cure addiction permanently
    • Drugs address physical dependence while psychological support can address cravings, cues and learned behaviour

  15. An evaluation of a nicotine treatment finds that 30 per cent of participants stopped smoking after 6 months compared with 10 per cent in a placebo group. What conclusion is best supported?

    • The treatment appears to increase abstinence compared with placebo, though the result needs replication and a significance check
    • The placebo group proved the treatment causes smoking
    • The treatment has no effect because 30 per cent is too small a number
    • The result must be due to chance because percentages cannot be compared

  16. Which treatment for alcohol dependence works by reducing the craving for alcohol, rather than by making it unpleasant?

    • Electric shock paired with alcohol
    • Disulfiram
    • Aversion therapy with a nausea-inducing drug
    • Acamprosate

  17. A trial compares a new heroin treatment with methadone and finds the new treatment has a lower dropout rate. Which design feature would make this finding more trustworthy?

    • Random allocation of participants to the two treatments
    • Using a single case study
    • Measuring outcomes only at the start of treatment
    • Recruiting only participants who have already stopped using heroin

  18. Which statement about the ethics of aversion therapy is most accurate?

    • Consent must be informed, participants must be able to withdraw, and the discomfort must be proportionate to the benefit
    • Aversion therapy is always ethical because it uses classical conditioning
    • Aversion therapy must be done in secret to be effective
    • Aversion therapy requires no consent because it is a medical treatment

  19. Why might a clinician choose a substitution treatment rather than an antagonist treatment for a patient with heroin dependence who is at high risk of relapse?

    • Antagonist treatment has no effect on craving
    • Antagonist treatment causes the patient to become more dependent on heroin
    • Substitution treatment reduces withdrawal and craving, which may make the patient more likely to stay in treatment
    • Substitution treatment prevents all contact with the drug

  20. A clinic reports that its nicotine treatment is effective. Which information would most help evaluate that claim?

    • The number of staff in reception
    • Whether the outcome measure was abstinence confirmed by a biological test or self-report only
    • The colour of the clinic's waiting room
    • The brand of the pen used to sign forms

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