Lesson 5.1.5

5.1.5 Treatments for the second disorder Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Psychology, Unit 5

20 questions

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Lesson 5.1.5, Treatments for the second disorder: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Psychology (9PS0), Unit 5: Clinical psychology, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which biological treatment is used for OCD?

    • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which increase serotonin availability and can reduce obsessions and compulsions
    • Electroconvulsive therapy only, which is the first-line treatment for OCD in all patients without exception in practice
    • Antipsychotic drugs that block dopamine, which are the standard treatment for OCD in every clinical service in the country
    • Stimulant drugs that increase dopamine release, which remove the obsessions completely in most patients within one week

  2. Which psychological treatment is used for OCD, based on learning theory?

    • Exposure and response prevention, which gradually exposes the patient to feared triggers while preventing the compulsion
    • Token economy that rewards the patient for each compulsion they perform, so that the behaviour is reinforced in the patient
    • Family therapy that focuses only on reducing the number of conflicts between the patient and their parents in the home
    • Psychoanalysis that explores childhood dreams to uncover unconscious conflicts between the id and the superego in the patient

  3. Which biological treatment is used for depression?

    • Antidepressants such as SSRIs, which act on serotonin and can help to relieve symptoms of low mood in many patients
    • Anxiolytics taken for a single day, which cure depression in most patients without any further treatment being needed
    • Antipsychotics only, which are the single most effective treatment for depression in all patients at the start of care
    • Caffeine supplements, which were proven in a national trial to cure depression fully in every patient who took them

  4. Which psychological treatment is used for depression, based on cognitive theory?

    • Aversion therapy using electric shocks for negative thoughts, which is the most effective psychological treatment for depression
    • Flooding with the patient's worst fears, which is the first-line psychological treatment for depression in primary care
    • Cognitive behavioural therapy, which helps patients identify and challenge negative thoughts
    • Systematic desensitisation, which pairs relaxation with a hierarchy of feared objects that are unrelated to mood in any way

  5. Which psychological treatment is used for anorexia nervosa in adolescents, involving the family?

    • Antipsychotic drugs for the whole family, which are prescribed to reduce the family's anxiety about the patient's eating
    • Psychoanalysis of the patient alone, with no involvement of the family, which is the standard treatment for teenagers
    • Family-based treatment, which involves parents in supporting weight restoration and regaining control of eating
    • Aversion therapy for the patient's parents, which is used to remove the parents' criticism of the patient's appearance

  6. Which biological treatment is sometimes used for anorexia nervosa?

    • There is no established drug treatment that is consistently effective for anorexia, so drugs are used mainly for associated symptoms
    • Hormone replacement with testosterone, which is the standard treatment for anorexia in all adolescent girls and young women
    • Antipsychotic drugs that block dopamine, which are the main and most effective treatment for anorexia in every patient
    • Stimulant drugs that increase appetite, which cure anorexia completely in all patients within a matter of a few days

  7. Which psychological treatment for anorexia focuses on the patient's thoughts and behaviours around eating and weight?

    • Enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy, which addresses the thinking and behaviour patterns that maintain restrictive eating
    • Token economy for the family only, which rewards family members for eating with the patient and so removes the disorder
    • Psychoanalysis of the patient's dreams only, which is the only psychological treatment for anorexia in clinical practice
    • Systematic desensitisation of food images, which is used to reduce the patient's fear of seeing any food in the home

  8. A patient with depression is offered an SSRI and cognitive behavioural therapy. What is the main advantage of this combined approach?

    • It uses two treatments from the same topic area, so the patient receives the same mechanism twice without any added benefit
    • It removes the need for the patient to attend any appointments, since both treatments are carried out at home with no contact
    • It combines a biological treatment that targets neurotransmitters with a psychological treatment that targets thinking and behaviour
    • It removes all side effects, since combined treatment has been shown to prevent every side effect that drugs can ever cause

  9. Which evaluation point applies to drug treatments for depression?

    • They can be effective for some patients, but they may take several weeks to work and can cause side effects
    • They are ineffective for every patient, which is why they have been removed from all clinical guidelines in the country
    • They are based on the id, so they cannot be evaluated by any scientific method or trial with a control group at all
    • They are fully effective for every patient within a single day, with no side effects and no delay in their action

  10. Which evaluation point applies to CBT as a treatment for depression?

    • It has no research support at all, so no clinician has ever used it in any clinical setting in any country in the world
    • It works only through the id, so its effects cannot be measured or compared with those of any other treatment in trials
    • It has good research support for many patients, but its effects can vary and it requires motivation and engagement
    • It works only for patients who have never been depressed before, so it is never suitable for any recurring depression

  11. Which evaluation point applies to exposure and response prevention for OCD?

    • It is effective for many patients, but it can be distressing, and patients must be willing to face their feared triggers
    • It works only through the superego, so it cannot be tested with any learning-based method in a research setting at all
    • It is ineffective for all patients, so it has been abandoned by clinicians and is no longer offered in any clinical service
    • It is painless and easy for every patient, which means that it has no drop-out or distress issues in any clinical trial

  12. What is a key ethical concern when treating adolescents with anorexia?

    • Whether the patient should be given a placebo, since placebos are always the only ethical choice for any eating disorder
    • Whether the patient's id should be treated before the superego, since treatment order is the only ethical question in care
    • Whether the parents are allowed to speak to the patient at all, since any family contact is always forbidden by law
    • Balancing the young person's autonomy with the need for medical intervention when their health is at serious risk

  13. Which statement best describes how a psychological and a biological treatment for the same disorder differ?

    • Biological treatments act only on thinking, while psychological treatments act only on neurotransmitters in the brain
    • Biological and psychological treatments act on exactly the same mechanism, so they are interchangeable in every case
    • Biological treatments act only on the family, while psychological treatments act only on the individual's hormone levels
    • Biological treatments act on physiology, such as neurotransmitters, while psychological treatments work on thinking and behaviour

  14. A study finds that CBT reduces depressive symptoms more than a waiting-list control. Which conclusion is best supported?

    • CBT causes depression in patients who receive it, since any change in the control group must have come from CBT itself
    • CBT has no effect on depression, since waiting-list controls always show equal change to treatment groups in any study
    • CBT is associated with a greater reduction in symptoms than no treatment, though the study design limits claims about long-term effects
    • CBT cures depression permanently, since any reduction in symptoms in a study always means the patient will never relapse again

  15. Which factor is important when choosing between a drug and a psychological treatment for a patient with OCD?

    • The patient's shoe size, since shoe size is a reliable predictor of how an OCD patient responds to any form of treatment
    • The patient's preferences, severity of symptoms, and the presence of side effects or other conditions
    • The colour of the clinic's waiting room, which has been shown to decide the effectiveness of every treatment for OCD
    • The day of the week the patient is first assessed, which determines the treatment for every patient in the clinic permanently

  16. Which two treatments for the same disorder would meet the requirement that they come from different topic areas?

    • Exposure and response prevention and systematic desensitisation, which both come from the learning-based area and so cannot be paired
    • An SSRI drug from the biological area and exposure and response prevention from the learning-based psychological area
    • Two different SSRI drugs, which both come from the biological area and act on the same serotonin system in the brain
    • Family-based treatment and cognitive behavioural therapy, which both come from the psychological area and act on the same mechanism

  17. Which concept links the treatments for depression, anorexia and OCD?

    • Each has no treatment available, so clinicians can only offer support and wait for each disorder to resolve on its own
    • Each may combine biological or psychological approaches, and effectiveness is judged by evidence from research and outcomes
    • Each is based on the id, which means all three disorders are treated by psychoanalysis alone in every clinical service
    • Each is treated only by surgery on the brain, which is the sole option available for any patient with these disorders

  18. A treatment is said to be 'evidence-based'. What does this mean?

    • It is supported only by the id, which is a concept that cannot be measured or tested with any research method at all
    • It is supported by systematic research, such as controlled trials, showing that it works for a particular disorder
    • It is supported only by the personal opinion of the clinician who designed it, without any research evidence at all
    • It is supported only by the patient's own report that they feel better, with no measurement of any symptom at all

  19. Which is a limitation of drug treatment for OCD?

    • Drugs may take several weeks to show an effect and can cause side effects, so patients may stop taking them
    • Drugs work only for people who have never had OCD, so they cannot help any patient with an existing diagnosis
    • Drugs have no effect on serotonin, so they cannot be used for OCD under any circumstances in any clinic
    • Drugs always cause permanent memory loss, so they are never used for OCD in any clinical setting in the country

  20. Why might some patients prefer a psychological treatment to a drug treatment?

    • It works within a single day, so no ongoing commitment is needed by the patient in any form of treatment at all
    • It has no effect on the patient at all, which makes it a safe choice for those who want no change in their life
    • It can only be given in hospital, which makes it preferable for patients who never leave their homes in any situation
    • It involves active learning and avoids medication, so it may suit patients who want to avoid drug side effects

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