8B.4 Nation states and ethnic diversity Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Geography, Unit 11

The 20 questions

1. How do national sovereign states vary regarding their population characteristics?

   • Equal total land area
   • Identical physical borders
   • Ethnic and linguistic unity
   • Uniform economic wealth

2. Which pair of countries illustrates contrasting levels of ethnic and cultural unity?

   • UK and France
   • Canada and Australia
   • Japan and Korea
   • Iceland and Singapore

3. Besides migration and population history, what factor determines a state's cultural unity?

   • Degree of isolation
   • Physical area size
   • Average elevation level
   • Total export volume

4. What primarily shapes national borders that have evolved naturally over time?

   • International treaties
   • Physical geography
   • Trade block rules
   • Corporate agreements

5. Why do former colonial borders often create political instability and sovereignty issues?

   • Enforcing single languages
   • Ignoring ethnic divisions
   • Lacking mineral wealth
   • Exceeding physical limits

6. Which examples does 8B.4b give of states where colonial borders may cause problems?

   • Iceland or Singapore
   • Iraq or Rwanda
   • Taiwan or Ukraine
   • Botswana or Ghana

7. What is a major human consequence of contested international borders?

   • Higher literacy rates
   • Population displacement
   • Rapid industrial growth
   • Increased trade volume

8. Which example does 8B.4c give of a state that is not universally recognised as a nation state?

   • Taiwan
   • Iceland
   • Singapore
   • Rwanda

9. Calculation: a state has a population of 5 million, and 1 million of them moved there from elsewhere within the last generation. What percentage of the population are recent arrivals?

   • 10%
   • 1%
   • 20%
   • 50%

10. What problem typically arises when arbitrary borders ignore local ethnic groups?

    • Rapid economic growth
    • Legitimisation disputes
    • Complete cultural assimilation
    • Total political stability

11. Which combination of factors explains why some states are far more ethnically diverse?

    • Latitude and area
    • Climate and terrain
    • GDP and currency
    • Migration and history

12. What level of ethnic unity is expected in a nation with high historical isolation?

    • Low unity
    • Total fragmentation
    • High unity
    • Extreme diversity

13. What status affects contested territories like Taiwan or Kashmir politically?

    • Overwhelming population
    • Lack of recognition
    • Physical barrier absence
    • Excessive wealth

14. Why are global national borders rarely considered permanently fixed and universally accepted?

    • Ongoing border disputes
    • Global currency shifts
    • Constant mountain shifts
    • Changing ocean tides

15. Which factor best explains variations in the ethnic and cultural unity of nation states?

    • Current tax rates
    • System of governance
    • Membership of NATO
    • Historical population growth

16. What frequently causes population movements regardless of a nation state's ethnic unity?

    • High GDP
    • Linguistic homogeneity
    • Physical isolation
    • Contested borders

17. Which nation state is a classic example of high ethnic and cultural isolation?

    • Iraq
    • Iceland
    • Singapore
    • Rwanda

18. Why do colonial borders often lead to internal political instability and sovereignty issues?

    • Ignoring ethnic divisions
    • Creating vast territories
    • Promoting total isolation
    • Following natural rivers

19. What is a major potential outcome when nation states have contested national borders?

    • Complete political stability
    • Increased ethnic unity
    • Rapid economic growth
    • Violent conflict

20. Which nation state is widely cited as having low ethnic unity due to migration?

    • Japan
    • Iceland
    • Singapore
    • North Korea

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