Lesson 1.3
1.3 Physical processes that cause tectonic hazards Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Geography, Unit 1
20 questions
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Lesson 1.3, Physical processes that cause tectonic hazards: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Geography (9GE0), Unit 1: Topic 1: Tectonic Processes and Hazards, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
Which seismic waves cause the greatest ground shaking at the Earth's surface?
- L waves
- S waves
- P waves
- Body waves
-
What secondary hazard occurs when water-saturated sediment behaves like a liquid during seismic shaking?
- Liquefaction
- Landslide
- Pyroclastic flow
- Lahar
-
What is a fast-moving current of superheated gas and volcanic debris called?
- Pyroclastic flow
- Lahar
- Lava flow
- Jökulhlaup
-
What term describes a volcanic debris flow composed of ash mixed with water?
- Pyroclastic flow
- Jökulhlaup
- Tephra fall
- Lahar
-
What type of secondary volcanic hazard is a sudden glacial outburst flood?
- Lahar
- Tsunami
- Pyroclastic flow
- Jökulhlaup
-
Submarine earthquakes generate tsunamis primarily through the sudden displacement of which feature?
- Atmospheric air
- Magma chamber
- Coastal dunes
- Water column
-
Which secondary seismic hazard occurs when ground shaking causes slope failure?
- Liquefaction
- Crustal fracturing
- Landslide
- Tsunami
-
Which physical characteristic causes volcanic lava to flow much slower than a pyroclastic flow?
- Lower density
- Lower pressure
- Higher speed
- Higher viscosity
-
Which seismic wave travels fastest and can pass through both solids and liquids?
- Love waves
- Rayleigh waves
- Secondary waves
- Primary waves
-
Why are seismic secondary (S) waves unable to travel through Earth's outer core?
- Liquid outer core
- Low mantle density
- High focal depth
- Solid outer core
-
A sea-bed earthquake displaces the water column by 3 metres over a wide area. Which hazard does this most directly generate?
- A pyroclastic flow
- A jokulhlaup
- A lahar
- A tsunami
-
What secondary volcanic hazard forms when heavy rainfall mobilises loose volcanic ash?
- Lava flows
- Lahars
- Jökulhlaups
- Pyroclastic flows
-
What process causes water-saturated sediment to lose strength and behave like a liquid during an earthquake?
- Solifluction
- Landslide
- Liquefaction
- Crustal fracturing
-
What type of sea-bed movement during a submarine earthquake is necessary to generate a tsunami?
- Thermal expansion
- Lateral shearing
- Horizontal sliding
- Vertical displacement
-
Which coastal hazard is directly generated by submarine sea-bed and water column displacement?
- Tsunami
- Jökulhlaup
- Lahar
- Liquefaction
-
What primary threat do slow-moving volcanic lava flows pose to surrounding areas?
- Sea-bed displacement
- Property damage
- Pyroclastic surge
- Global cooling
-
What term describes the smaller tremors that follow a main earthquake shock?
- Focal depths
- Aftershocks
- Secondary waves
- Benioff zones
-
Which hazard is classified as a secondary hazard of a volcanic eruption?
- Lava flow
- Ash fall
- Lahar
- Pyroclastic flow
-
What secondary hazard occurs when volcanic heat rapidly melts ice caps or glaciers?
- Jökulhlaup
- Tsunami
- Crustal fracturing
- Liquefaction
-
Why do shallow-focus earthquakes generally cause more severe surface ground shaking than deep-focus earthquakes?
- Higher focal depth
- Less energy attenuation
- Lower surface density
- Greater wave speed
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