Lesson 18B.2

18B.2 Preparing amines and amides Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Chemistry, Unit 18

20 questions

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Lesson 18B.2, Preparing amines and amides: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Chemistry (9CH0), Unit 18: Organic Chemistry III, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which reagent reduces an aromatic nitro compound to an amine in the laboratory?

    • Acidified potassium manganate(VII) under reflux
    • Tin and concentrated hydrochloric acid, followed by alkali
    • Sodium borohydride in water at 0 C
    • Dilute sulfuric acid at room temperature

  2. What is the product of reducing nitrobenzene with tin and concentrated hydrochloric acid, followed by alkali?

    • Phenol, C6H5OH
    • Phenylamine, C6H5NH2
    • Benzoic acid, C6H5COOH
    • Benzene-1,4-diamine

  3. Which reagent converts a halogenoalkane into a primary amine?

    • Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate in dry ether, which reduces the halogen atom
    • Excess concentrated ammonia in ethanol, heated in a sealed tube
    • Concentrated sulfuric acid at 170 C, which eliminates HX to form an alkene
    • Sodium hydroxide in ethanol, heated under reflux with the halogenoalkane

  4. Which reagents make an amide from an acyl chloride?

    • Concentrated ammonia or a primary amine, at room temperature
    • Hydrogen gas with a nickel catalyst at 150 C, which reduces the acyl group
    • Acidified dichromate(VI) ions, heated gently with the acyl chloride
    • Aqueous sodium hydroxide, heated under reflux with the acyl chloride

  5. Which compound is a primary amine?

    • Ethanamide, CH3CONH2
    • Trimethylamine, (CH3)3N
    • Propan-1-amine, CH3CH2CH2NH2
    • N-methylethanamine, CH3NHCH2CH3

  6. Calculate the relative molecular mass of phenylamine, C6H7N, using Ar: C 12, H 1, N 14.

    • 94
    • 77
    • 107
    • 93

  7. What is the by-product when ethanoyl chloride reacts with ammonia to form an amide?

    • Sodium chloride
    • Water
    • Ammonium chloride
    • Ethanoic acid

  8. When nitrobenzene is reduced with tin and excess acid, what forms before alkali is added?

    • Benzoic acid, formed by oxidation of the ring under the acidic reaction conditions
    • Phenol, which forms directly on adding alkali to the acidic reaction mixture before any separation
    • A phenylammonium salt, which is converted to phenylamine when alkali is added
    • Benzene, formed by loss of the nitro group from the ring as nitrogen dioxide gas

  9. Calculate the relative molecular mass of N-butylethanamide, C6H13NO, using Ar: C 12, H 1, N 14, O 16.

    • 113
    • 115
    • 129
    • 101

  10. Which amide forms from ethanoyl chloride and methylamine?

    • N-methylethanoate, CH3COOCH3
    • Ethanenitrile, CH3CN
    • Methylethanamine, CH3CH2NHCH3
    • N-methylethanamide, CH3CONHCH3

  11. What is the role of concentrated hydrochloric acid in the tin reduction of nitrobenzene?

    • It precipitates tin as a white solid, which then catalyses the reduction of the nitro group in the mixture
    • It provides the acidic conditions for the reduction and forms a salt with the amine product
    • It converts nitrobenzene into phenol before the reduction starts, so the amine forms from the phenol
    • It acts as an oxidising agent that removes hydrogen from the amine, which then forms a neutral product

  12. Which functional group is reduced by tin and hydrochloric acid?

    • The nitro group, -NO2, which is reduced to an amine group, -NH2
    • The hydroxyl group, which is reduced to an alkane
    • The benzene ring, which is reduced to a cyclohexane ring
    • The carbonyl group, which is reduced to a primary alcohol

  13. Why is excess ammonia used when preparing a primary amine from a halogenoalkane?

    • Excess ammonia reduces the amine product to a primary alcohol, so a large excess is needed for conversion
    • Excess ammonia makes it more likely that a halogenoalkane meets ammonia rather than the amine product
    • Excess ammonia removes the halogenoalkane as a salt, so no amine can form until the excess is used up
    • Excess ammonia makes the reaction exothermic, so the mixture heats up and the reaction proceeds more quickly

  14. Why is alkali added at the end of the tin and hydrochloric acid reduction?

    • To oxidise the tin, which removes it from the product
    • To neutralise the acid and liberate the free amine from its salt, so it can be separated
    • To precipitate the product as an insoluble salt that cannot be extracted
    • To convert phenylamine back into nitrobenzene

  15. Why are acyl chlorides preferred to carboxylic acids for making amides?

    • Carboxylic acids cannot react with any nitrogen compound at all, so an acyl chloride is the only route available
    • Acyl chlorides react with ammonia at room temperature, giving a good yield of amide without heat or a catalyst
    • Carboxylic acids react with amines to give an ester instead of an amide, which is why acyl chlorides are used
    • Acyl chlorides are less toxic and so avoid the formation of any by-product, which makes purification simpler

  16. Calculate the mass of phenylamine from 0.0200 mol of nitrobenzene at 100% yield, using Mr = 93 for phenylamine.

    • 3.72 g
    • 0.93 g
    • 2.46 g
    • 1.86 g

  17. Which conditions best prepare butylamine from butanenitrile?

    • Heat with concentrated sulfuric acid to form butene, then add water to form the amine product
    • Hydrolyse with dilute sodium hydroxide at room temperature, followed by acidification with dilute acid
    • Reduce with lithium tetrahydridoaluminate in dry ether, then add water to work up
    • Oxidise with acidified dichromate(VI) under reflux, then distil to isolate the amine product

  18. A student makes an amide using aqueous ammonia but gets a low yield. Which reason is most likely?

    • The dilute aqueous ammonia lets water hydrolyse the acyl chloride, competing with the amine reaction
    • The ammonia is too basic, so it decomposes the amide product immediately after it is formed in the flask
    • The amide is insoluble in water, so it escapes as a gas from the flask during the reaction
    • The ammonia reduces the acyl chloride to an aldehyde, which then fails to react with the remaining reagent

  19. For ethanoyl chloride with excess ammonia, how many moles of ammonia are needed per mole of amide formed?

    • 0.5
    • 2
    • 1
    • 3

  20. What is the relative molecular mass of 1-bromobutane, C4H9Br, using Ar: C 12, H 1, Br 79.9?

    • 152.9
    • 120.9
    • 135.0
    • 136.9

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