Lesson 7.2.2

7.2.2 Glycolysis Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology A (Salters-Nuffield), Unit 7

20 questions

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Lesson 7.2.2, Glycolysis: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Biology A (Salters-Nuffield) (9BI0), Unit 7: Run for your Life, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Glycolysis begins with the phosphorylation of glucose, which uses:

    • 4 ATP molecules, which are invested to split each triose phosphate into two pyruvates
    • 2 ATP molecules, which are invested to make the hexose phosphate intermediate
    • 2 ADP molecules, which are reconverted into ATP later in the Krebs cycle
    • No ATP, since the phosphorylation is driven by reduced NAD produced earlier in the cycle

  2. What is the net yield of ATP from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis?

    • 4 ATP, since 4 ATP are made and none are consumed in any step of glycolysis
    • 0 ATP, since all the ATP made is consumed in the phosphorylation of hexose
    • 6 ATP, since 2 ATP are used and 8 ATP are then made in the later steps
    • 2 ATP, since 4 ATP are made and 2 ATP are used in the early steps

  3. Glycolysis produces which products from one glucose molecule?

    • 2 pyruvate, 2 reduced NAD and 2 net ATP
    • 2 lactate, 2 ethanol and 2 carbon dioxide molecules in the cytoplasm of the cell
    • 1 pyruvate, 1 reduced NAD and 4 net ATP, with carbon dioxide released as a by-product
    • 6 carbon dioxide, 6 water and 36 ATP in the mitochondrial matrix of the cell

  4. In anaerobic respiration in animals, what happens to the pyruvate produced by glycolysis?

    • It is converted into ethanol, which releases carbon dioxide and regenerates ATP
    • It is reduced to lactate, which regenerates NAD so that glycolysis can continue
    • It enters the mitochondria and is oxidised to carbon dioxide in the Krebs cycle
    • It is converted into glycogen, which is stored in the mitochondria until oxygen returns

  5. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm rather than the mitochondria because:

    • It requires the Krebs cycle enzymes, which are found only in the cytoplasm of the cell
    • It does not need oxygen and its enzymes and substrates are available in the cytoplasm
    • It produces so much carbon dioxide that it must take place outside the mitochondrial matrix
    • It requires the inner mitochondrial membrane to split glucose into two pyruvate molecules

  6. Which of these describes the phosphorylation of hexoses in glycolysis?

    • The addition of oxygen to glucose, which forms carbon dioxide and water in the cytoplasm
    • The addition of phosphate groups to glucose
    • The addition of amino acids to glucose, which forms a protein used in the Krebs cycle
    • The removal of phosphate groups from glucose, which releases energy directly as ATP

  7. Which statement about glycolysis in an anaerobic muscle cell is correct?

    • It produces large amounts of carbon dioxide, which is removed by the blood without any oxygen
    • It can continue to produce a small amount of ATP when oxygen is scarce
    • It stops completely in the absence of oxygen, so no ATP can be made by any pathway
    • It requires the Krebs cycle to run first, so it stops without a supply of acetyl CoA

  8. A cell poisoned with a drug that inhibits glycolytic enzyme activity would most directly show:

    • No change in ATP yield, since glycolysis produces only heat and no ATP at all
    • A reduction in pyruvate and reduced NAD production, limiting ATP yield from glucose
    • An immediate increase in carbon dioxide release, since glycolysis is the main source of carbon dioxide
    • An increase in pyruvate and reduced NAD production, which increases ATP yield

  9. Which statement about the hexose bisphosphate intermediate is correct?

    • It is converted directly into lactate in a single step with no intermediate compounds
    • It is combined with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water in the mitochondria
    • It is converted into glycogen, which is stored in the cytoplasm for later use in exercise
    • It is split into two triose phosphate molecules, each of which is further oxidised

  10. Why does glycolysis produce reduced NAD?

    • Phosphate is removed from ATP and transferred to NAD, which becomes the energy store
    • Hydrogen atoms are removed during oxidation steps and transferred to NAD
    • Carbon dioxide is removed from glucose and combined with NAD to form a new molecule
    • Oxygen is added to NAD, which then reacts with glucose to make carbon dioxide and water

  11. Which phrase best describes the net outcome of glycolysis for a cell that is well supplied with oxygen?

    • Pyruvate is converted to lactate and stored, so that glycolysis is the main source of ATP
    • Pyruvate is converted to ethanol and released from the cell, so that the cell produces no ATP
    • Pyruvate is passed to the mitochondria for oxidation, so that more ATP is produced in total
    • Pyruvate is converted to glycogen in the cytoplasm, so that glycolysis produces no further ATP

  12. Which statement is accurate about the production of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis?

    • ATP is formed by the flow of protons through ATP synthase in the inner mitochondrial membrane
    • ATP is formed by the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm
    • ATP is formed when a phosphate group is transferred directly from an intermediate to ADP
    • ATP is formed by the splitting of water molecules in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts

  13. Glycolysis converts one glucose molecule into how many three-carbon molecules?

    • Two triose phosphate molecules at the midpoint, which each go on to form pyruvate
    • Four three-carbon molecules, which are each reduced to lactate in anaerobic conditions
    • Six three-carbon molecules, which enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl CoA in the matrix
    • One three-carbon molecule, which is pyruvate, with the other five carbons released as carbon dioxide

  14. Which statement evaluates the importance of glycolysis to an athlete who suddenly sprints?

    • Glycolysis is irrelevant to sprinting, since sprinters rely exclusively on aerobic respiration in mitochondria
    • Glycolysis supplies ATP quickly from glucose and glycogen, but it cannot alone sustain the activity for long
    • Glycolysis supplies ATP only from fat, so it is the same process used by slow twitch fibres
    • Glycolysis supplies unlimited ATP for hours, so sprinting never needs any other energy pathway at all

  15. The first product formed when glucose is phosphorylated in glycolysis is:

    • Pyruvate, which is formed directly from glucose before any phosphorylation takes place
    • Lactate, which is formed from glucose in the absence of oxygen in the cytoplasm
    • Acetyl CoA, which is formed from glucose in the mitochondrial matrix of the cell
    • A hexose phosphate, which is more reactive than glucose and can be split in later steps

  16. How many reduced NAD molecules are produced by glycolysis from two glucose molecules?

    • 4, since each glucose gives 2 reduced NAD during glycolysis
    • 2, since only one glucose is needed for the whole of glycolysis to occur
    • 12, since each glucose gives 6 reduced NAD molecules across all of glycolysis
    • 8, since each glucose gives 4 reduced NAD molecules during the glycolytic steps

  17. Which stage of aerobic respiration does not directly require oxygen?

    • Glycolysis, which can proceed in the absence of oxygen
    • The Krebs cycle, which requires oxygen to produce carbon dioxide directly from acetyl CoA
    • The link reaction, which requires oxygen to convert pyruvate into acetyl CoA
    • Oxidative phosphorylation, which requires oxygen as the final electron acceptor

  18. An inhibitor blocks the conversion of pyruvate to lactate in an anaerobic cell. What is the most likely consequence?

    • NAD is regenerated faster, so glycolysis speeds up and the ATP yield rises
    • Lactate builds up in the blood, so the ATP yield from glycolysis is unaffected
    • Pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA in the cytoplasm, which increases the ATP yield
    • NAD is not regenerated, so glycolysis slows and the ATP yield falls

  19. Which statement best evaluates glycolysis as a source of ATP during a marathon?

    • It is irrelevant to the marathon, because glycolysis produces no ATP at all in skeletal muscle
    • It is a minor source over long periods, because aerobic pathways supply most of the ATP during sustained exercise
    • It is the main source for the whole marathon, because glycolysis never stops in muscle cells
    • It is the only source of ATP, because oxygen is never used by muscle cells during any exercise

  20. Which product of glycolysis enters the mitochondria under aerobic conditions?

    • Carbon dioxide, which is transported into the matrix to be reduced back to glucose
    • Lactate, which is transported into the mitochondria to be oxidised in the Krebs cycle
    • Glucose, which is transported directly into the matrix to be split into acetyl CoA
    • Pyruvate, which is transported across the mitochondrial membranes for the link reaction

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