Lesson 1.4.2

1.4.2 Glycosidic bonds, hydrolysis and energy storage Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology A (Salters-Nuffield), Unit 1

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson 1.4.2, Glycosidic bonds, hydrolysis and energy storage: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Biology A (Salters-Nuffield) (9BI0), Unit 1: Lifestyle, Health and Risk, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which type of reaction joins two monosaccharides to form a glycosidic bond?

    • Hydrolysis, in which a molecule of water is added
    • Reduction, in which hydrogen is added to the sugars
    • Oxidation, in which the sugars lose electrons to oxygen
    • Condensation, in which a molecule of water is removed

  2. Which reaction splits a glycosidic bond?

    • Decarboxylation, which removes carbon dioxide from the sugar
    • Condensation, which removes a water molecule to form the bond
    • Hydrolysis, which adds a water molecule across the bond
    • Esterification, which joins a fatty acid to glycerol

  3. Which enzyme hydrolyses maltose into glucose in the small intestine?

    • Maltase
    • Sucrase
    • Lactase
    • Amylase

  4. Which enzyme hydrolyses starch into maltose in the mouth and small intestine?

    • Protease
    • Lipase
    • Amylase
    • Maltase

  5. Why is starch a better energy store than glucose for a plant?

    • Starch is insoluble and compact, so it stores energy without affecting the cell's water potential
    • Starch is a monosaccharide, which contains more energy per molecule than glucose does
    • Starch can be transported through the phloem more easily than glucose can be transported
    • Starch is made of fructose units, which are released more quickly in respiration

  6. A glycosidic bond joins two glucose units in amylose. What type of bond is formed between carbon atoms 1 and 4?

    • An ester bond
    • A peptide bond
    • A 1,4 glycosidic bond
    • A 1,6 glycosidic bond

  7. Which bond is found at the branch points of amylopectin?

    • An ester bond
    • A 1,6 glycosidic bond
    • A 1,4 glycosidic bond
    • A hydrogen bond

  8. How many water molecules are released when three glucose molecules are joined in a linear chain by two glycosidic bonds?

    • 4
    • 3
    • 2
    • 1

  9. Why do glycogen and starch both need hydrolysis before glucose can be used in respiration?

    • Glucose units must be oxidised by oxygen before they can be joined into a chain
    • Glucose units must be converted into lipids before they can enter the Krebs cycle
    • The glycosidic bonds linking glucose units must be broken by adding water
    • The polysaccharides must be condensed with ATP to release glucose for the cell

  10. In the mammalian liver, glucose is stored as glycogen. What happens when blood glucose falls?

    • Glycogen is converted into fatty acids, which are released into the blood to raise glucose
    • Glycogen is oxidised to carbon dioxide, which is released into the blood as a fuel
    • Glucose is condensed into glycogen, which is then released as lactose into the blood
    • Glycogen is hydrolysed to glucose, which is released into the blood

  11. A sample of maltose has a mass of 3.42 g. How many moles of glucose can be released by complete hydrolysis? (Mr of maltose = 342)

    • 0.02 mol
    • 0.2 mol
    • 0.04 mol
    • 0.01 mol

  12. Which description of the energy stored in a glycosidic bond is correct in the context of energy storage?

    • Energy stored in the bond is released as heat only when the polysaccharide is formed by condensation
    • Glycosidic bonds store energy as electrons that are transferred to oxygen during hydrolysis
    • Energy stored in the polysaccharide is released when the bonds are hydrolysed and the glucose is respired
    • Energy stored in the bond is used to make ATP directly during the condensation reaction

  13. A student tests a solution of sucrose with Benedict's reagent before and after adding sucrase. What is the expected result?

    • The solution gives a positive test before adding the enzyme and a negative test after hydrolysis
    • The solution gives a negative test before and after, because sucrase destroys all reducing sugars
    • The solution gives a positive test before and after, because sucrase makes sucrose a reducing sugar
    • The solution gives a negative test before adding the enzyme and a positive test after hydrolysis

  14. Which product is formed by the hydrolysis of lactose?

    • Two glucose molecules
    • Glucose and fructose
    • Galactose and fructose
    • Glucose and galactose

  15. Why is a polysaccharide with many branches broken down quickly in a cell?

    • Many branches allow the polysaccharide to be converted directly into lipid for storage
    • Many branches reduce the number of glycosidic bonds, so there is less to hydrolyse
    • Many branch ends allow enzymes to act at many points at once, releasing glucose quickly
    • Many branches make the polysaccharide more soluble, so it dissolves faster in the cytoplasm

  16. Which enzyme hydrolyses the glycosidic bond in sucrose?

    • Lactase
    • Lipase
    • Protease
    • Sucrase

  17. Which statement about the formation of a disaccharide is correct?

    • Two monosaccharides join by the loss of oxygen, which is replaced by hydrogen
    • Two monosaccharides join by a condensation reaction that releases a water molecule
    • Two monosaccharides join by hydrolysis, which requires the input of a water molecule
    • Two monosaccharides join without any change in their molecular formula

  18. Which of these is the best description of a polysaccharide?

    • A single molecule of glucose with an added phosphate group
    • A chain of fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone by ester bonds
    • A polymer of many monosaccharide units joined by glycosidic bonds
    • A polymer of many amino acids joined by peptide bonds

  19. Which statement about the digestion of starch in humans is correct?

    • Amylase in saliva and pancreatic juice hydrolyses starch into smaller sugars such as maltose
    • Starch is condensed into glycogen in the mouth before it is absorbed through the intestine
    • Lipase in the stomach hydrolyses starch into fatty acids and glycerol before absorption
    • Starch is absorbed unchanged through the wall of the small intestine and then hydrolysed in the liver

  20. What is the empirical formula of glucose, C6H12O6?

    • CH2O
    • C2H4O2
    • C6H12
    • CH4O

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