Lesson 8.1.3
8.1.3 Synapses and neurotransmitters Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology, Unit 8
20 questions
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Lesson 8.1.3, Synapses and neurotransmitters: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Biology (9BI0), Unit 8: Grey Matter, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
What is the fluid-filled gap between a presynaptic and postsynaptic neurone called?
- Node of Ranvier
- Synaptic cleft
- Synaptic knob
- Axon hillock
-
Which neurotransmitter is released at human neuromuscular junctions?
- GABA
- Dopamine
- Acetylcholine
- Serotonin
-
Which ion enters the presynaptic knob to trigger neurotransmitter release?
- Sodium ions
- Calcium ions
- Chloride ions
- Potassium ions
-
Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?
- Choline acetyltransferase
- Acetylcholinesterase
- Monoamine oxidase
- Sodium-potassium ATPase
-
Why must neurotransmitters be rapidly broken down after binding to postsynaptic receptors?
- Prevent continuous stimulation
- Increase action potential
- Prevent sodium influx
- Stop vesicle formation
-
What is the direction of impulse transmission across a chemical synapse?
- Random direction
- Postsynaptic to presynaptic
- Presynaptic to postsynaptic
- Bidirectional transmission
-
A reflex arc contains three synapses. If each synapse delays transmission by 0.5 ms, what is the total delay?
- 1.5 ms
- 3.0 ms
- 1.0 ms
- 0.5 ms
-
What is the effect of blocking acetylcholinesterase at a chemical synapse?
- Continuous stimulation
- Decreased neurotransmitter release
- Immediate inhibition
- Reduced depolarisation
-
Which ion channel opens on the postsynaptic membrane when acetylcholine binds to its receptor?
- Ligand-gated potassium channels
- Voltage-gated sodium channels
- Voltage-gated calcium channels
- Ligand-gated sodium channels
-
What process causes the delay in signal transmission across a chemical synapse?
- Action potential propagation
- Sodium ion influx
- Axon myelination
- Neurotransmitter diffusion
-
Compared to chemical synapses, how do electrical synapses transmit nerve impulses?
- Faster and bidirectionally
- Slower and bidirectionally
- Faster and unidirectionally
- Slower and unidirectionally
-
What change occurs in the postsynaptic membrane when an excitatory neurotransmitter binds?
- Hyperpolarisation
- Repolarisation
- Depolarisation
- Resting potential maintenance
-
What is the main function of synaptic vesicles in a presynaptic neurone?
- Pumping calcium ions
- Storing neurotransmitters
- Synthesising ATP
- Binding neurotransmitters
-
If 200 vesicles release 5000 neurotransmitter molecules each per second, how many total molecules are released?
- 100 000
- 1 000 000
- 5 200
- 10 000 000
-
What is the direct role of calcium ions during synaptic transmission?
- Repolarising presynaptic membrane
- Triggering vesicle exocytosis
- Breaking down neurotransmitters
- Depolarising postsynaptic membrane
-
How does an inhibitory neurotransmitter affect the postsynaptic membrane potential?
- Causes depolarisation
- Maintains threshold potential
- Causes hyperpolarisation
- Prevents repolarisation
-
Which feature ensures unidirectional impulse transmission across a chemical synapse?
- Enzymes throughout the axon
- Vesicles in postsynaptic membrane
- Neurotransmitters in blood vessels
- Receptors postsynaptically only
-
What happens if a drug mimics acetylcholine and resists breakdown at synapses?
- Rapid calcium depletion
- Blocked nerve impulses
- Immediate synaptic fatigue
- Continuous postsynaptic stimulation
-
What general impact do chemical synapses have on neural conduction speed?
- Has no effect
- Slows conduction
- Speeds conduction
- Stops transmission
-
On which structure are neurotransmitter receptors located at a chemical synapse?
- Presynaptic membrane
- Postsynaptic membrane
- Synaptic vesicle
- Synaptic cleft
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