Lesson 6.1.3b
6.1.3b Genetic engineering and gene therapy Quiz: OCR Biology, Unit 7
20 questions
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Lesson 6.1.3b, Genetic engineering and gene therapy: 20 multiple choice questions for the OCR Biology (H020), Unit 7: Genetics and evolution, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
Which enzyme joins a DNA fragment into a vector's backbone?
- RNA polymerase
- Lysozyme
- DNA ligase
- Helicase
-
What is the primary role of a vector in genetic engineering?
- Translates foreign mRNA
- Denatures target DNA
- Transfers foreign DNA
- Cuts host DNA
-
Which cells are modified during somatic cell gene therapy?
- Body cells
- Gametes
- Zygotes
- Early embryos
-
How does germline gene therapy differ fundamentally from somatic gene therapy?
- Uses viral vectors
- Changes are heritable
- Treats only adults
- Affects only skin cells
-
What is the main purpose of a marker gene in a recombinant plasmid?
- Identify transformed cells
- Join DNA fragments
- Cut target DNA
- Initiate transcription
-
What short single-stranded overhangs are produced by staggered restriction cuts?
- Blunt ends
- Sticky ends
- Promoter regions
- Exons
-
Which genetic disorder was treated in early gene therapy trials targeting ADA deficiency?
- Cystic fibrosis
- Haemophilia
- SCID
- Huntington's disease
-
Why are genetically engineered bacteria ideal for large-scale insulin production?
- Complex cell structure
- Rapid reproduction rate
- Eukaryotic transcription
- Multicellular growth
-
Bacteria are grown on ampicillin agar after transformation with an ampicillin-resistant plasmid. Which survive?
- All bacteria
- Untransformed bacteria
- Transformed bacteria
- Dead bacteria
-
Why must a target gene and host plasmid be cut with the same restriction enzyme?
- Identical marker genes
- Identical promoter regions
- Matching sticky ends
- Same gene length
-
What is the main agricultural benefit of growing GM crops that express Bt toxin?
- Reduced insecticide use
- Faster weed growth
- Increased fertiliser need
- Higher water demand
-
What is a major safety risk associated with using viral vectors in gene therapy?
- Immune response
- Vitamin deficiency
- Increased blood pressure
- Bacterial infection
-
What is a primary ethical concern regarding germline gene editing?
- High production costs
- Short mRNA lifespan
- No future consent
- Slow bacterial growth
-
What role does a promoter region play in a recombinant plasmid?
- Binds RNA polymerase
- Destroys antibiotics
- Binds DNA ligase
- Cuts sticky ends
-
What feature allows a recombinant plasmid to be copied inside host bacteria?
- Intron sequence
- Origin of replication
- Sticky end overhang
- Poly-A tail
-
What is a potential environmental risk of cultivating genetically modified crops?
- Unwanted gene flow
- High mutation rate
- Lower crop yield
- Soil erosion
-
A plasmid of 5000 base pairs receives a 1200 base pair insert. What is the length of the recombinant plasmid?
- 1200 base pairs
- 5000 base pairs
- 6200 base pairs
- 3800 base pairs
-
If a gene therapy trial triggers severe immune responses, what step is required before clinical release?
- Increased vector dosage
- Complete treatment ban
- Further safety testing
- Immediate mass release
-
Why are genetic changes in somatic gene therapy not inherited by offspring?
- Somatic cells migrate
- Gametes lack changes
- Gametes are destroyed
- DNA is degraded
-
A circular plasmid is cut at two different restriction sites by the same enzyme. How many fragments are produced?
- 4
- 3
- 2
- 1
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