Lesson Y8-U01-L04

Y8-U01-L04 Cavaliers vs Roundheads Who Won the War Quiz: KS3 History, Unit 7

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson Y8-U01-L04, Cavaliers vs Roundheads Who Won the War: 20 multiple choice questions for the KS3 History (National Curriculum), Unit 7: Year 8: English Civil War, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. Which battle, the first major clash of the Civil War, was fought on 23 October 1642?

    • Hull
    • Edgehill
    • Naseby
    • Marston Moor

  2. What was another name for a Cavalier?

    • Royalist
    • Puritan
    • Ironside
    • Roundhead

  3. Which battle was fought on 2 July 1644 near York?

    • Bosworth, where Henry Tudor defeated Richard III in August 1485
    • Marston Moor
    • Naseby, where the New Model Army crushed the King's main army in June 1645
    • Edgehill, the first major battle, fought in Warwickshire in October 1642

  4. What was the New Model Army?

    • A full-time, professional, well-trained army created by Parliament in 1645
    • A Scottish army that invaded England in 1640 and occupied Newcastle for many months
    • A local militia that only defended towns and villages near the coast of England
    • A royal army of rich nobles raised by the King in 1642 to fight the Scots

  5. Which battle, fought on 14 June 1645, destroyed the King's main army?

    • Hull
    • Naseby
    • Edgehill
    • Marston Moor

  6. Which commander's cavalry was nicknamed the 'Ironsides'?

    • Oliver Cromwell
    • Robert Catesby
    • Lord Fairfax
    • Prince Rupert

  7. What was the Self-Denying Ordinance of 1645?

    • A royal order to ban Puritan preaching
    • A treaty ending the Scottish war
    • A tax on the navy
    • A law making MPs give up army commands

  8. What did the 'King's Cabinet' of letters captured at Naseby show?

    • The King's plans for a Scottish parliament and the appointment of its ministers
    • Gold coins paid to Cromwell by the London merchants who funded Parliament's army
    • A list of the New Model Army's officers and the regiments they commanded in the field
    • Private letters showing Charles seeking help from foreign Catholics

  9. What mistake did Prince Rupert's cavalry repeatedly make in the battles?

    • They charged too far and chased loot instead of regrouping
    • They refused to fight on horseback and stayed in camp during every major battle
    • They surrendered in every battle they fought and rarely managed to fight on
    • They always waited for night to attack and never fought in daylight at all

  10. Which side did the North and West of England mostly support in the Civil War?

    • The Pope
    • Parliament
    • The Scots
    • The King

  11. Which advantage did Parliament hold in the war?

    • A larger royal treasury
    • Control of all the northern ports
    • The support of the Pope
    • Control of London, its money and the navy

  12. Who was the commander-in-chief of the New Model Army?

    • Prince Rupert
    • Thomas Fairfax
    • John Pym
    • Lord Monteagle

  13. Why was promotion by skill in the New Model Army shocking in the 1600s?

    • It meant the army had no officers to give orders and keep the men in line
    • It made the King pay the soldiers from his own private treasury every month
    • It was banned by the Pope, who condemned the army as heretical and godless
    • It challenged the idea that command was a right of birth

  14. Why did Cromwell's cavalry beat Rupert's at Marston Moor?

    • They had more guns than the Royalists and fired them from the high ground
    • They were fighting in the rain, which soaked the Royalist gunpowder and muskets
    • They charged, halted and re-formed to attack again
    • They had Scottish horses that were stronger and faster than the Royalist horses

  15. Why was losing the North in 1644 so serious for the King?

    • He had to give up Scotland's church and accept a presbyterian system there
    • He lost his crown immediately and was forced to flee into exile abroad
    • He lost control of the North, a region that largely backed him
    • He had to surrender London to Parliament and leave the capital for ever

  16. Source B calls the New Model Army a 'rabble'. Why should we treat this with caution?

    • It was a neutral history written in the 1900s
    • It was Royalist propaganda written to mock the army
    • It was written by Cromwell to praise his soldiers
    • It was an official report by the New Model Army

  17. What did Cromwell mean by a 'plain russet-coated captain' in Source A?

    • A royal guard who refused to fight and stayed at the King's side always
    • A Scottish general in a brown coat who fought for the Covenanters
    • A lord who wore expensive clothes and rode in a fine carriage to battle
    • A commander of humble birth who believed in the cause

  18. Why was the defeat at Naseby so important for the King?

    • It gave the North to the Scots
    • It destroyed the King's main army for good
    • It made the King stronger in London
    • It ended the war in one day

  19. Why do historians say the New Model Army's discipline was more than a surface feature like red coats?

    • Because it came from professionalism, regular pay and promotion by merit
    • Because Charles copied it exactly
    • Because the New Model Army never fought in battles
    • Because the red coats were the only thing that distinguished it

  20. What does the pattern of Rupert's cavalry show about the Royalist army?

    • Its cavalry was made up only of Scottish troops who had joined the King late
    • Its cavalry always won every battle it fought and never lost a single charge
    • Its cavalry lacked discipline, so victories were thrown away
    • Its cavalry was too small to fight and was kept in reserve for the whole war

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