Lesson Y8-U03-L07

Y8-U03-L07 The Legacy of Colonialism and Unfair Trade Quiz: KS3 Geography, Unit 9

20 questions

Written by Revision Ninja · Last reviewed 11 October 2026

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Lesson Y8-U03-L07, The Legacy of Colonialism and Unfair Trade: 20 multiple choice questions for the KS3 Geography (National Curriculum), Unit 9: Year 8: Development and Global Inequality, written with Revision Ninja.

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The 20 questions

  1. What is colonialism?

    • When two countries share a single currency, so prices and wages move together
    • When a rich country sends aid to a poorer one, usually after a natural disaster
    • When a country trades only with its neighbours, keeping trade inside the region
    • When one country takes control of another country's land, people and resources

  2. Which of these resources was taken from colonies to Europe during the colonial period?

    • Smartphones
    • Gold
    • Jet aircraft
    • Solar panels

  3. What is a primary product?

    • A loan given by one bank to another, repaid with interest each year
    • A finished product made in a factory, such as a phone or a television set
    • A service such as banking or tourism, sold to customers in other countries
    • A raw material that is grown or dug up, such as cocoa, coffee or copper

  4. What is a value chain?

    • A list of prices set by world markets each day, updated at the close of trade
    • A loan repaid in equal yearly instalments, with the interest added to each
    • The steps a product goes through from farm to shop, each adding to the price
    • The line of ships that carry goods between ports, along fixed sea routes

  5. What is a trade deficit?

    • When a country buys more than it sells, so money flows out
    • When a country has no trade with any other nation
    • When two countries agree on a fixed price for goods
    • When a country sells more than it buys, so money flows in

  6. What does Fairtrade promise farmers?

    • A fairer, more stable price for their goods
    • A bank loan only for the richest farmers
    • A tax paid by shops on every imported product
    • A ban on all trade between countries

  7. What is the Fairtrade premium?

    • A tax on factories that process cocoa into chocolate and other goods
    • A fine paid to the government by farmers who break export rules
    • An extra sum paid on top of the price for the community to spend
    • A fee charged by shops to customers for each bag or box of goods sold

  8. In a typical chocolate supply chain, which group receives the smallest share of the final price?

    • The traders
    • The shop and tax
    • The factory and brand
    • The cocoa farmer

  9. Out of 100p on a chocolate bar, the cocoa farmer receives 7p. What percentage is this?

    • 17 percent
    • 70 percent
    • 0.7 percent
    • 7 percent

  10. The factory and brand take 50p and the shop and tax take 35p. Which step takes the larger share?

    • The shop and tax, at 50 percent
    • The factory and brand, at 50 percent
    • The traders, at 50 percent
    • They take equal shares of 50 percent each

  11. Which pair of steps together takes the most of the 100p?

    • Traders and shop, together 43p, a middle share of the price
    • Farmer and shop, together 42p, a modest share of the total
    • Factory and brand with shop and tax, together 85p
    • Cocoa farmer and traders, together 15p

  12. Why is relying on one primary product risky for a country?

    • It forces the country's factories to close
    • If its world price crashes, its income suddenly falls
    • It stops the country trading with any neighbour
    • It means no tax can ever be collected

  13. Which of these is an example of colonialism's legacy in trade today?

    • Colonies were given most of the factories that processed their raw materials
    • Colonies kept all the money from their raw materials, so the profits stayed home
    • Colonies grew raw materials while factories stayed in richer countries
    • Colonies were given most of the processing plants, which then drove their growth

  14. Which statement about Fairtrade is most accurate?

    • It only helps shops and brands make more profit from chocolate sales
    • It guarantees every farmer a rich life with a secure income for ever
    • It stops all unfair trade in the world so no farmer loses out anymore
    • It can give farmers a fairer price but does not reach all farmers

  15. Ghana, Zambia and Nigeria send around 78 to 86 percent of their exports as primary products, but the UK sends 18 percent. What does this show?

    • Former colonies export far more raw materials than the UK does
    • The UK exports more raw materials than Ghana does
    • Ghana exports only finished goods
    • Zambia and the UK export the same share of raw materials

  16. Which card belongs in the 'Consequence today' column?

    • Cocoa farmers earn a tiny share of the price
    • Colonies were forced to grow one or two crops
    • Factories were kept in the richer countries
    • European powers seized land and resources

  17. Evaluate: 'The past is to blame for today's inequality.' To what extent do you agree?

    • Fully: nothing done since independence has any effect on inequality at all today
    • Fully: the past explains every inequality in every country, whatever happened since
    • Partly: the past shaped trade patterns, but present decisions about trade and prices also matter
    • Not at all: colonialism has no link to trade today, so the past matters little

  18. Suggest one change that would give cocoa farmers a fairer share, and explain why it helps.

    • Paying a stable minimum price so farmers are protected when world prices fall
    • Banning all chocolate sales in the UK, so that no farmer's goods are sold
    • Reducing farmers' share so that shops can sell cheaper chocolate to customers
    • Closing all cocoa farms so that prices rise for shops and their customers

  19. Why does processing matter for who earns the money in a value chain?

    • Processing and branding add value, and richer countries usually control these steps and earn most
    • Processing removes value from the goods, so the farmer always earns more afterwards in the chain
    • Processing is illegal in producer countries, so all of it happens in rich countries alone each year
    • Processing happens only on the farms, so farmers keep and earn all of the money in the whole chain

  20. Which argument best judges Fairtrade?

    • It only benefits the richer countries that import the chocolate, and the farmers gain nothing at all
    • It helps some farmers with a fairer price and premium, but the gains reach only part of the chain
    • It has no benefit, since farmers earn the same without it, so it changes nothing at all
    • It makes all trade fully fair, so no other change is needed in the supply chain at all

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