3.3.2.4 Anarchism Quiz: AQA Politics, Unit 3

The 20 questions

1. What is the core aim of anarchism?

   • To abolish coercive authority and government, replacing them with voluntary co-operation
   • To strengthen the state so that it can enforce equality in every workplace and every community
   • To establish a monarchy based on natural law and the consent of all the people in the realm
   • To transfer power from parliament to the courts in every area of public policy and administration

2. Which value is central to anarchism?

   • The autonomy of the individual, free from coercive relationships
   • The sovereignty of the monarch over the nation's laws, institutions and the conduct of its people
   • The authority of the church over moral conduct in every area of personal and public life
   • The power of central planning agencies to allocate all goods and services across the economy

3. What distinguishes individualist from collectivist anarchism?

   • Individualists support government, while collectivists support the abolition of all economic activity
   • Individualists favour the monarchy, while collectivists favour the separation of church and state
   • Individualists reject all property, while collectivists defend the private ownership of land and capital
   • Individualists emphasise personal sovereignty and property, while collectivists emphasise collective ownership and organisation

4. Which thinker is associated with individualist anarchism and a rejection of the state in favour of the self-owner?

   • Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who argued for workers' associations and co-operatives in the economy
   • Peter Kropotkin, who argued for mutual aid and anarchist communism as the basis of a free society
   • Mikhail Bakunin, who argued for collectivist anarchism and the role of workers' unions in society
   • Max Stirner

5. Which thinker is associated with collectivist anarchism and syndicalism?

   • Max Stirner, who argued for the egoist individual as the only real source of value in life
   • Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who argued for order without power and for co-operative property
   • Mikhail Bakunin
   • Emma Goldman, who argued for freedom as self-expression and defended tactical violence

6. Which anarchist thinker argued for freedom as self-expression and defended the tactical use of violence in struggle?

   • Emma Goldman
   • Peter Kropotkin, who argued for mutual aid as the natural basis of co-operation between people
   • Max Stirner, who argued that the individual ego should be the sole source of value and authority
   • Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who argued that property without labour is an unjust appropriation

7. Which concept is most associated with Kropotkin's anarchist communism?

   • Class conflict, the idea that history moves forward through struggle between economic classes
   • Divine order, the idea that all social relations are determined by religious authority and tradition
   • Individual egoism, the idea that self-interest is the only force guiding human conduct in society
   • Mutual aid, the idea that co-operation within communities is a natural and beneficial force

8. What did Proudhon mean by 'anarchy' as 'order without power'?

   • A society in which the state controls all property through an elected council of ministers
   • A state of chaos and violence in which no social order can ever be sustained for any length of time, and no one can be safe
   • A society organised through voluntary co-operation and mutual agreement, without rule by a sovereign power
   • A system in which the monarch governs all property and labour directly through royal decrees

9. Which famous claim is associated with Proudhon?

   • 'Property is theft', meaning that ownership without labour is an unjust appropriation
   • 'Property is a gift of God', meaning that the church holds ultimate title to all land and goods
   • 'Property is irrelevant to justice', meaning that no social arrangement depends on who owns what
   • 'Property is a natural right', meaning that the state must always protect the holdings of owners

10. How do anarchists generally view the state?

    • As a neutral referee that resolves disputes fairly between citizens and protects the weak
    • As a necessary guardian of natural rights that must be strengthened in every area of life
    • As an instrument of coercion and domination that should be abolished
    • As a divine institution whose authority cannot be questioned by any citizen under any circumstances

11. Which is an example of anarchist direct action?

    • Drafting a constitution that enshrines the powers of an elected president and a national court
    • Lobbying the monarch for a royal charter guaranteeing workers' rights in every industry
    • Workers' strikes, occupations and mutual aid networks organised without state authority
    • Electing an anarchist to the national parliament in order to abolish it from within over time

12. A community runs a shared garden through a democratic assembly, without government. Which political tradition does this best reflect?

    • Liberal representative government, with elected councillors who take all decisions on the garden
    • Anarchism, through voluntary co-operation and self-organisation
    • Conservatism, with a hereditary headman who governs the community according to custom
    • State socialism, with planning ministries that allocate resources to every local community

13. A group argues that police enforcement is unnecessary, because people can settle disputes through community agreement. Which ideology does this reflect?

    • Nationalism, which argues that the nation is the basis of political legitimacy and identity
    • Liberalism, which argues that the state should protect rights through the rule of law
    • Anarchism
    • Conservatism, which argues that order is maintained through tradition, authority and custom

14. Which is the best evaluation of whether anarchism is practical?

    • Anarchism is impractical, because it has never inspired any real co-operative or community organisation anywhere
    • Anarchism is irrelevant to politics, because it has no connection to any social movement in history
    • Anarchism is practical, because every modern state has already abolished its government and its laws
    • Anarchist ideas have inspired co-operatives and mutual aid, though critics argue that some enforcement of rules is needed to prevent harm

15. How do individualist anarchists such as Stirner generally view property?

    • As a collective resource that must be shared equally across all members of the community in every case
    • As something individuals may claim through their own power and will, rather than as a state grant
    • As a right granted by the state, which can be withdrawn at any time by a legislative majority
    • As a sin that must be abandoned in favour of a monastic life of poverty and communal devotion

16. What is syndicalism?

    • A movement in which workers' unions aim to take control of the means of production and run industry
    • A movement in which the monarch appoints trade union leaders to run state enterprises on her behalf, under royal charter
    • A movement in which employers and unions jointly elect the national parliament in each region
    • A movement in which the state owns all unions and dictates their policies for each industry

17. What did Goldman mean by freedom?

    • Freedom as self-expression and the ability to live according to one's own nature, free from oppressive authority
    • Freedom as obedience to the state's laws and customs, which protect the individual from harm
    • Freedom as the right to elect representatives to a national legislature every few years
    • Freedom as the right to own land, which the state must defend against every competing claim

18. What distinguishes anarchism from Marxism, according to most anarchists?

    • Anarchists accept the state as a temporary tool to be captured by the working class in revolution
    • Anarchists support the monarchy as a stabilising force that protects society from disorder
    • Anarchists reject seizing state power and see the state itself as the problem to be abolished
    • Anarchists agree with Marxists that the state should be strengthened during the transition to socialism

19. Which issue divides anarchists over tactics?

    • Whether the state should be abolished at all, since all anarchists agree that some state is needed
    • Whether the monarchy should remain as a ceremonial head of state in a free and co-operative society
    • Whether violence is ever justified as a tactic in revolutionary struggle
    • Whether co-operatives should be allowed to trade in markets, a question on which all anarchists agree

20. Which is the best evaluation of anarchist assumptions about human nature?

    • Anarchists assume humans are incapable of any co-operation, so government is always needed to function
    • Anarchists assume humans are naturally violent and must be controlled by a monarch to survive at all
    • Anarchists assume human nature is irrelevant to politics, which is determined entirely by economics and class
    • Anarchists generally assume humans can co-operate without coercion, which critics question given evidence of conflict and crime

Related quizzes

• Liberalism: core ideas, classical and modern liberalism Quiz · 3.3.1.1.1 · 20 questions
• Liberalism: key thinkers Quiz · 3.3.1.1.2 · 20 questions
• Conservatism Quiz · 3.3.1.2 · 20 questions
• Socialism: Marxism, revolutionary socialism and social democracy Quiz · 3.3.1.3.1 · 20 questions
• Socialism: key thinkers Quiz · 3.3.1.3.2 · 20 questions
• Nationalism Quiz · 3.3.2.1 · 20 questions
• Feminism Quiz · 3.3.2.2 · 20 questions
• Multiculturalism Quiz · 3.3.2.3 · 20 questions
• Ecologism Quiz · 3.3.2.5 · 20 questions
• The nature and sources of the British Constitution Quiz · 3.1.1.1 · 20 questions