Lesson 6.2.2
6.2.2 How TB and HIV infect human cells Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology, Unit 6
20 questions
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Lesson 6.2.2, How TB and HIV infect human cells: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Biology (9BI0), Unit 6: Immunity, Infection and Forensics, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
Which human immune cells are infected and inhabited by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
- Helper T cells
- B lymphocytes
- Macrophages
- Neutrophils
-
Which immune cells are primarily infected and destroyed by HIV?
- B lymphocytes
- Cytotoxic T cells
- Helper T cells
- Phagocytes
-
Which viral glycoprotein on HIV binds to the CD4 receptor on host cells?
- gp41
- Haemagglutinin
- Neuraminidase
- gp120
-
Which nucleic acid is produced by reverse transcriptase using viral RNA?
- Protein
- DNA
- mRNA
- tRNA
-
Which enzyme inserts viral DNA into the host cell genome during HIV infection?
- Reverse transcriptase
- Integrase
- RNA polymerase
- DNA ligase
-
Untreated HIV leads to opportunistic infections mainly due to the destruction of which cells?
- Neutrophils
- Red blood cells
- B lymphocytes
- Helper T cells
-
Which structure is formed by immune cells around Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs?
- Granuloma
- Biofilm
- Plaque
- Capsid
-
Which symptom is a direct result of lung tissue damage in active tuberculosis?
- Joint swelling
- Loss of hearing
- High blood pressure
- Persistent cough
-
Which enzyme allows HIV to convert its RNA genome into DNA?
- Integrase
- DNA polymerase
- RNA polymerase
- Reverse transcriptase
-
Which type of microorganism causes tuberculosis, making it treatable with antibiotics?
- Virus
- Bacterium
- Fungus
- Protozoan
-
Which viral structure undergoes rapid mutation, helping HIV evade immune recognition?
- Capsid proteins
- Reverse transcriptase
- Envelope glycoproteins
- Lipid membrane
-
Which cells are destroyed by HIV, leading to a severely weakened immune system?
- Cytotoxic T cells
- Helper T cells
- Phagocytes
- B lymphocytes
-
Where do tuberculosis bacteria survive inside the host to evade initial immune destruction?
- Epithelial cells
- Macrophages
- Red blood cells
- B cells
-
By which process do new HIV particles leave an infected host cell?
- Budding
- Endocytosis
- Exocytosis
- Lysis
-
How is HIV primarily transmitted from person to person?
- Direct fluid exchange
- Contaminated water
- Vector bites
- Airborne droplets
-
Which enzyme incorporates viral DNA into the host cell's genome during HIV infection?
- Reverse transcriptase
- Integrase
- DNA ligase
- RNA polymerase
-
Which lung cells ingest Mycobacterium tuberculosis but fail to destroy the pathogen?
- Alveolar macrophages
- Goblet cells
- Red blood cells
- Ciliated epithelial cells
-
What is the final stage of untreated HIV infection, characterised by severe immunodeficiency?
- Primary infection
- Clinical latency
- Acute infection
- AIDS
-
How many HIV particles are produced by 50 cells producing 10 particles daily over 3 days?
- 4,500
- 1,500
- 150
- 500
-
Which diagnostic test confirms active pulmonary tuberculosis rather than a latent infection?
- Chest X-ray
- Blood antibody test
- Sputum culture
- Skin prick test
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