Lesson 4.6.1
4.6.1 Drug testing history and conditions for bacterial growth Quiz: Pearson Edexcel Biology, Unit 4
20 questions
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Lesson 4.6.1, Drug testing history and conditions for bacterial growth: 20 multiple choice questions for the Pearson Edexcel Biology (9BI0), Unit 4: Biodiversity and Natural Resources, written with Revision Ninja.
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The 20 questions
-
Which plant did William Withering use in the 18th century to treat dropsy, which is the source of digitalis?
- Cinchona
- Willow bark
- Foxglove
- Opium poppy
-
What is the main purpose of using a placebo in a clinical drug trial?
- Reducing side effects
- Speeding up approval
- Increasing sample size
- Control comparison
-
In a double-blind clinical trial, who knows which participants receive the active drug?
- Neither doctor nor patient
- Only the patient
- Only the doctor
- Both doctor and patient
-
In clinical trials, what is compared with a new drug to evaluate its relative effectiveness?
- Animal test data
- Existing standard treatment
- Phase I results
- Placebo alone
-
What is tested first during Phase I human drug trials?
- Safety and dosage
- Large-scale effectiveness
- Long-term side effects
- Drug efficacy
-
Which non-nutrient factor is essential for bacterial enzyme activity and growth?
- Ultraviolet light
- Suitable temperature
- Ethanol concentration
- High salinity
-
What is the main purpose of using aseptic techniques when culturing bacteria?
- Speed up reproduction
- Induce cell lysis
- Prevent contamination
- Increase mutation rate
-
What is investigated in Salters-Nuffield A level Biology Core Practical 9?
- Genetic transformation
- Antimicrobial plant extracts
- Bacterial respiration rates
- Rates of photosynthesis
-
Which phase of human drug trials focuses primarily on assessing drug safety in healthy volunteers?
- Phase III
- Phase I
- Pre-clinical phase
- Phase II
-
What should the control paper disc contain when testing plant extracts on agar?
- Active drug
- Pure alcohol
- Water only
- Solvent only
-
Which historical trial phase specifically tests the efficacy of a drug on patients with the target condition?
- Phase III
- Phase IV
- Phase II
- Phase I
-
Extreme changes in which environmental factor denature bacterial enzymes by disrupting hydrogen bonds?
- Light intensity
- Carbon dioxide level
- pH
- Atmospheric pressure
-
Why does bacterial growth rate increase as temperature rises towards the optimum?
- Denaturation of DNA
- Increased enzyme activity
- Thicker cell walls
- Decreased activation energy
-
What happens to bacterial enzymes when temperature rises significantly above the optimum?
- Coenzymes detach
- Enzymes duplicate
- Substrates shrink
- Enzymes denature
-
What is the main advantage of using a large sample size in clinical drug trials?
- Guarantees total cure
- Reduces chance effects
- Eliminates side effects
- Speeds up approval
-
What is tested during Phase II clinical trials of a new drug?
- Efficacy in patients
- Toxicity in healthy
- Mass production cost
- Safety in animals
-
Why are high oxygen concentrations harmful to obligate anaerobic bacteria?
- Oxygen freezes cytoplasm
- Oxygen denatures DNA
- Oxygen hydrolyses ATP
- Oxygen is toxic
-
What is the primary function of agar in bacterial culture media?
- pH buffer
- Nitrogen source
- Energy source
- Solidifying agent
-
What is the dependent variable when investigating antimicrobial plant extracts on agar plates?
- Inhibition zone diameter
- Incubation temperature
- Extract concentration
- Disc surface area
-
Why are antimicrobial plant compounds researched for modern medicine?
- Replacing plant starch
- New antibiotic development
- Increasing crop yields
- Synthetic polymer production
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