2.1.1 The nature and need for abstraction and abstract models Quiz: OCR Computer Science, Unit 6

The 20 questions

1. What is the fundamental process of removing unnecessary details to focus on essential features called?

   • Generalisation
   • Decomposition
   • Abstraction
   • Automation

2. Why is the London Underground map considered a successful example of an abstract model?

   • Uses high-resolution images
   • Shows exact distances
   • Ignores geographic accuracy
   • Includes surface roads

3. Which type of abstraction groups complex data structures into manageable, high-level objects?

   • Procedural abstraction
   • Control abstraction
   • Functional abstraction
   • Data abstraction

4. How does abstraction reduce the computational resource requirements of a computer simulation?

   • Less data processing
   • More memory allocation
   • Higher clock speed
   • Parallel execution support

5. What is the term for hiding computational logic behind reusable function interfaces?

   • Procedural abstraction
   • Polymorphism
   • Virtualisation
   • Data abstraction

6. Which outcome is a direct risk of over-abstracting a real-world problem?

   • Excessive code length
   • Increased memory usage
   • Loss of detail
   • Faster runtime speed

7. What is the main difference between an abstract model and the real-world object it represents?

   • Greater physical size
   • Identical behaviour
   • Equal complexity
   • Reduced detail

8. A flight simulator omits in-flight meal options from its software model. Why is this done?

   • Prevents system crashes
   • Enables parallel processing
   • Saves display resolution
   • Irrelevant to training

9. A GPS app displays simplified road lines rather than photorealistic terrain maps. What is this demonstrating?

   • Abstraction
   • Caching
   • Decomposition
   • Pipelining

10. An entity-relationship diagram shows database tables and links without showing SQL code. What is this?

    • Procedural code
    • Physical schema
    • Concrete implementation
    • Abstract model

11. A variable in code represents a user age as an integer. Which detail has been abstracted?

    • Variable name
    • Data type
    • Memory address
    • Exact birth time

12. A chess video game represents the board as an 8x8 grid of integers. What is this?

    • Physical object
    • Abstract representation
    • Procedural interface
    • Hardware component

13. A developer uses a square root function without knowing its underlying algorithm. What abstraction is this?

    • Data abstraction
    • Object abstraction
    • Hardware abstraction
    • Procedural abstraction

14. A weather system models atmospheric pressure but ignores local tree heights. Why is tree height omitted?

    • Unknown value
    • Variable parameter
    • Non-essential detail
    • Required constant

15. A car dashboard displays speed as a digital number rather than raw RPM data. What is this?

    • Caching mechanism
    • Hardware failure
    • Recursive function
    • User-level abstraction

16. When designing an abstract model for a system, what must be identified first?

    • Essential features
    • Hardware specs
    • Database engine
    • Programming language

17. Why is object-oriented programming considered a powerful tool for abstract modeling?

    • Concurrent execution
    • Automatic memory management
    • Compiler bypass
    • Data encapsulation

18. Which layer of abstraction sits directly between high-level programming languages and machine code?

    • User interface
    • Assembly language
    • Logic gates
    • Operating system

19. How does abstraction assist developers during the design phase of a complex system?

    • Simplifies problem solving
    • Increases execution speed
    • Eliminates all bugs
    • Automates code testing

20. How does the OSI model use abstraction to simplify complex computer network communications?

    • Increases network bandwidth
    • Eliminates physical hardware
    • Encrypts transmitted data
    • Layers distinct functions

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