3.2.1.1 Globalisation Quiz: AQA Geography, Unit 2

The 20 questions

1. Globalisation is best described as:

   • A process that isolates national economies from each other by raising barriers to trade and migration
   • The decline of international trade since the 1990s as countries turn inward to protect their industries
   • Increasing interconnection of economies, societies and cultures through flows of capital, goods, people and information
   • The creation of a single world government that sets economic policy for every country on Earth

2. Which of these is a flow involved in globalisation?

   • Flows of capital through international financial markets that move money across borders every day
   • Plant succession on bare rock, which produces a sequence of communities over several centuries
   • Ocean currents driven by winds, which carry heat and nutrients around the globe in predictable patterns
   • Plate movement along subduction zones, which moves the crust beneath the oceans over millions of years

3. Which factor has most helped drive globalisation in recent decades?

   • A decline in all forms of international trade, which has reduced the need for transport and communication
   • The end of all trade agreements, which has left countries free to set their own tariffs and quotas
   • A global fall in the number of multinational corporations as firms return to producing goods locally
   • Developments in information and communication technology and transport

4. Global marketing refers to:

   • Marketing only within a single country, using advertising that is designed for a local audience alone
   • Selling standardised products and brands across many countries, adapted where necessary
   • The use of barter instead of money, so that goods are exchanged directly between producers in different countries
   • Marketing that is limited to local markets only, with no advertising beyond the immediate neighbourhood

5. Which pattern describes how production has become organised under globalisation?

   • Production has ended in every country except one, which has taken over all manufacturing for the world
   • Production is limited to primary farming only, with manufacturing moving entirely to services sectors
   • All goods are made in a single factory in one country, which is then used to supply the entire world
   • Components are often made in different countries and assembled elsewhere

6. Which trade agreement type is an example of a factor in globalisation?

   • Antarctic Treaty provisions for scientific research and the protection of the continent's environment
   • Coastal management plans for storm surges that set out building restrictions along vulnerable shorelines
   • Volcanic hazard maps that show the location of eruption zones and their likely extent in future events
   • Free trade agreements that reduce tariffs between member states

7. Which statement about the flows of labour under globalisation is most accurate?

   • Labour flows have no link to the global economy, which is driven almost entirely by capital movements
   • Labour flows only within single countries, since workers rarely cross national boundaries for employment
   • Labour has stopped moving across borders entirely, as governments have closed their frontiers to all workers
   • Migration of workers across borders has increased, alongside remittances that move money back home

8. Which of these best illustrates the spread of information under globalisation?

   • Instant transmission of news and data through the internet across the world
   • Information shared only through face-to-face meetings, which limits its reach to the people in the room
   • Letters carried by sea over several months, which reach distant countries long after they were written
   • Only local newspapers circulating in one city, which are read by residents of that city alone

9. Which statement evaluates the view that globalisation affects only large economies?

   • Globalisation affects only the largest economies and no others, since smaller countries are excluded from trade
   • Globalisation affects many countries, but the benefits and costs are distributed unevenly
   • Globalisation has no effect on developing countries, which remain entirely outside the global economy
   • Globalisation is limited to the financial sector only, so manufacturing and farming are not affected at all

10. A company designs products in one country, manufactures components in another and sells globally. Which concept does this best illustrate?

    • Global production networks linking design, manufacture and marketing
    • A single national industry with no foreign trade, which relies on domestic demand alone
    • Subsistence farming for family use, in which products are never sold beyond the household
    • Local production for a local market, with all stages of making and selling kept within the same town

11. Which measure best shows the scale of globalisation in trade?

    • Growth in the total value of world exports over time
    • The number of volcanoes in a region, which is an indicator of geological activity rather than trade
    • The average height of mountains in a country, which reflects its physical geography and relief
    • The total area of protected forest, which measures conservation effort rather than economic connections

12. Which evaluation best explains why globalisation may increase inequality within countries?

    • Globalisation has no distributional effects, since all groups gain equally from the expansion of trade
    • Benefits are often concentrated among those with skills, capital and access to global markets
    • Globalisation removes all economic differences within countries, so that everyone earns the same wage
    • Globalisation gives everyone exactly the same share of benefits, regardless of their skills or income level

13. Which statement about the role of technology in globalisation is most accurate?

    • Technology has slowed globalisation down since 1990, as new systems have made trade more difficult
    • Technology is relevant only to agricultural production, which is largely unaffected by international links
    • Technology has reduced the cost and time of communication and transport, enabling integration
    • Technology has no role in globalisation, which is driven entirely by government decisions about trade

14. What is a transnational corporation (TNC)?

    • A company that operates only within one country, selling goods to domestic customers alone
    • A company that operates in more than one country, with production or sales across borders
    • A non-profit that monitors environmental change and reports its findings to international bodies
    • A government department that manages trade across national borders on behalf of the state

15. Which of these best describes a consequence of globalisation for a local economy?

    • Local producers are always protected from competition, since imports are blocked by national law
    • Local economies become completely independent of global trade, as they can produce everything they need
    • Local economies stop trading with the rest of the world, which keeps local prices stable and predictable
    • Competition from imported goods may force some local producers to change or close

16. Which statement about global marketing is most accurate?

    • Global marketing has no effect on consumer choice, as people buy goods based only on price and quality
    • Global brands must be marketed identically in every country with no changes in product, packaging or advertising
    • Global brands are never sold outside their home country, since their marketing depends on local culture
    • Global brands are often marketed similarly worldwide but may adapt products to local preferences

17. Which concept refers to the spread of ideas, values and products that can make places more similar?

    • Cultural diffusion through global media and trade
    • Biome succession after a fire, which restores vegetation to a burnt area over several decades
    • Hazard mitigation through building codes, which reduces the damage done by natural events to structures
    • Plate tectonic subduction, which recycles crust into the mantle at deep ocean trenches over long periods

18. A country increases its exports from 100 billion to 150 billion in ten years. What is the percentage increase?

    • 50 per cent
    • 15 per cent, which would be the increase if the exports had risen by 15 billion rather than 50 billion
    • 150 per cent, which would be the increase if the exports had grown to 250 billion instead
    • 33 per cent, which would be the increase if the base value had been 150 billion rather than 100 billion

19. Which statement best evaluates whether globalisation is a new phenomenon?

    • Trade and migration have long histories, but the speed and scale of recent flows are unprecedented
    • Globalisation began only in the last decade, since earlier trade was too small to be considered global
    • Globalisation is entirely a product of the past two years, when digital systems first connected the world
    • Globalisation has never involved any international trade, which has always been confined to local regions

20. Which of these describes the spatial pattern of globalisation?

    • Evenly distributed across every village in the world, with the same level of connection in every place
    • Absent from all of Africa and Asia, where local economies remain completely separate from world trade
    • Concentrated in some major cities and regions, with uneven integration across the world
    • Limited to polar regions, where ice and cold conditions make international links easier to maintain

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