3.1.4.4 Glaciated landscape development Quiz: AQA Geography, Unit 1

The 20 questions

1. Which landform is a steep-sided hollow at the head of a glacial valley, often containing a lake?

   • A corrie
   • A kame, which is a mound of stratified sand and gravel deposited at the ice margin
   • An esker, which is a sinuous ridge of sand and gravel deposited in a meltwater tunnel
   • A drumlin, which is a streamlined hill of till aligned with the direction of ice flow

2. What is an arête?

   • A sharp ridge formed between two adjacent corries
   • A hollow filled with water beneath ice, which is formed by the melting of the glacier's base
   • A ridge of unsorted till deposited by ice, which marks a former margin of the glacier
   • A flat plain of outwash sand, which is deposited by braided meltwater streams in front of the ice

3. Which landform is a broad, U-shaped valley carved by a glacier?

   • A coastal spit enclosing a lagoon, which is built by longshore drift along the shore
   • A river valley with a V-shaped cross-section, which is cut by a river as it deepens its channel
   • A glacial trough
   • A dune field on a desert floor, which is built by wind-blown sand over many centuries

4. Which landform is a tributary valley left high above the main glacial trough, often ending in a waterfall?

   • A drumlin, which is a streamlined hill of till aligned with the direction of ice flow
   • A roche moutonnee, which is a rock knoll with a smooth stoss side and a plucked lee
   • A truncated spur, which is a steep ridge end that has been cut off by a glacier flowing past it
   • A hanging valley

5. What is a truncated spur?

   • A ridge of sand built by the sea, which is formed by longshore drift along the coast
   • A small hill formed by deposition of till, which is left behind as the glacier melts back
   • A steep ridge end cut off by a glacier flowing down a valley
   • A rounded hillock formed by a meltwater channel, which is carved by water beneath the ice

6. What is a roche moutonnee?

   • A cave in limestone formed by solution, which is enlarged by the dissolution of rock by water
   • A flat terrace formed by a lake shoreline, which marks the former level of the water
   • A rock knoll formed by deposition of boulders, which are left behind by the retreating ice
   • A rock knoll with a smooth stoss side from abrasion and a rough lee side from plucking

7. Which landform is an elongated, streamlined hill of till aligned with the direction of ice flow?

   • A moraine ridge across the valley, which is a line of debris deposited at the glacier's terminus
   • A corrie, which is a hollow at the head of a valley excavated by ice and nivation
   • A kame, which is a mound of sorted sand and gravel deposited at the margin of the ice
   • A drumlin

8. Which feature is a rock fragment transported by ice and deposited far from its source?

   • An esker, which is a sinuous ridge of sand and gravel deposited by meltwater in a tunnel
   • A drumlin, which is a streamlined hill of till that is aligned with the ice flow
   • An erratic
   • A roche moutonnee, which is a rock knoll with a smooth upstream side and a plucked lee

9. Which landform is an end moraine ridge at the furthest extent of an ice sheet?

   • A medial moraine, which forms where two glaciers join and their lateral moraines merge in the middle
   • A terminal moraine
   • A ground moraine, which is a thin sheet of till deposited beneath the ice across a wide area
   • A lateral moraine, which forms along the sides of a valley glacier from debris falling off the valley walls

10. Which moraine forms along the side of a glacier valley?

    • A terminal moraine, which forms at the snout where debris is deposited at the furthest extent
    • A kame terrace, which is a flat step of sand and gravel deposited against the valley side
    • A medial moraine, which forms in the middle of a glacier where two lateral moraines join
    • A lateral moraine

11. Which landform is an extensive flat plain of till deposited beneath an ice sheet?

    • A sea cliff platform, which is cut by wave action at the foot of a coastal headland
    • A dune field of barchans, which is built by wind-blown sand in desert conditions
    • A delta at a river mouth, which is built by deposition of sediment where the river enters the sea
    • A till plain

12. What is a kame?

    • A flat, dry lake bed in a desert basin, which is formed by evaporation of water in the basin
    • A mound of stratified sand and gravel deposited by meltwater at the ice margin
    • A ridge of unsorted till deposited along a valley side, which is left behind by the glacier
    • A rock step formed by plucking at a valley head, which is a steep riser in the valley floor

13. Which fluvioglacial landform is a sinuous ridge of sand and gravel?

    • A drumlin, which is a streamlined hill of till that is aligned with the direction of ice flow
    • A tombolo, which is a ridge of sediment that joins an offshore island to the mainland
    • A corrie, which is an armchair-shaped hollow at the head of a glacial valley
    • An esker

14. What is an outwash plain?

    • A flat rock surface cut by abrasion beneath a glacier, which is polished by debris in the ice
    • A plain of unsorted till beneath the ice, which is deposited directly by the glacier
    • A flat surface of sand and gravel spread by meltwater beyond the ice margin
    • A dry lakebed formed by evaporation of meltwater, which leaves a flat surface of fine silt

15. Which periglacial landform consists of sorted or unsorted stones arranged in circles or polygons?

    • Roches moutonnees, which are rock knolls with a smooth upstream side and a plucked lee
    • Patterned ground
    • Drumlins, which are streamlined hills of till that are aligned with the direction of ice flow
    • Truncated spurs, which are steep ridge ends cut off by a glacier flowing down a valley

16. What is an ice wedge?

    • A sharp ridge of rock on a glacial valley wall, which is formed by plucking and abrasion
    • A deposit of sand left by a retreating glacier, which lies in a thin layer on the valley floor
    • A vertical wedge of ice formed by repeated cracking and filling of thermal contraction cracks in permafrost
    • A horizontal sheet of ice on a glacier's bed, which lies between the ice and the bedrock

17. Which landform is an ice-cored mound found in permafrost areas?

    • A kame, which is a mound of sorted sand and gravel deposited by meltwater at the ice margin
    • A drumlin, which is a streamlined hill of till that is aligned with the direction of ice flow
    • A terracette, which is a small step on a slope formed by slow downhill soil movement
    • A pingo

18. Which periglacial landform is an area of bare, angular boulders on hilltops and slopes that survived ice cover?

    • A blockfield
    • A beach shingle ridge, which is a line of rounded pebbles built by waves along the coast
    • A moraine ridge, which is a line of debris deposited at the glacier's margin as it retreats
    • A drumlin swarm, which is a group of streamlined hills of till aligned with the ice flow

19. Which periglacial landform is a lobe of soil that moves downslope by solifluction?

    • A roche moutonnee, which is a rock knoll with a smooth upstream side and a plucked lee
    • An erratic boulder, which is a rock carried by ice and left far from its source
    • A solifluction lobe
    • An esker ridge, which is a sinuous ridge of sand and gravel deposited in a meltwater tunnel

20. What is a terracette?

    • A large flat terrace formed by the sea, which is cut into a cliff by wave erosion at high tide
    • A large moraine built along a valley side, which is formed by debris falling from the slopes
    • A small step or ledge on a slope formed by slow soil movement in periglacial conditions
    • A marked ridge of glacial till at the ice margin, which is deposited as the glacier retreats

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